汉语后部失语患者语言障碍个案研究

发布时间：2018-11-12 17:56

【摘要】：目的:对病灶局限的汉语后部失语患者的语言受损和语言保留情况进行个案分析,验证语言处理的双机制假说,并为临床语言治疗提供相关神经语言学依据。方法:选取1例病灶局限的枕、顶、颞叶受损的后部失语患者,通过自然交谈和西部失语症量表检查(WAB)检测收集语料,并辅以图片命名及句子复述等任务,全面检测和分析汉语后部失语患者的语言障碍,重点关注其句法-词汇分离,以及与之相关的名—动分离现象。结果:颞叶受损患者词汇受损严重,句法保留相对较好;词汇理解较好,但是产出困难;词汇产出存在名动分离现象,呈现出名词特异性损伤的特点。结论:汉语后部失语患者句法保留较好、词汇受损严重,以及相关的名动分离的事实,一方面为语言处理的词汇—规则双机制假说提供有力证据,另一方面为汉语后部失语患者的语言有效康复方面提供神经语言学依据。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the language impairment and language retention in patients with localized posterior Chinese aphasia, to verify the hypothesis of dual mechanism of language processing, and to provide relevant neurolinguistic basis for clinical language therapy. Methods: a case of posterior aphasia with localized occipital, parietal and temporal lobe injury was selected. The data were collected by (WAB) examination by natural conversation and western aphasia scale, and supplemented with the task of picture naming and sentence retelling. To detect and analyze the language disorders in the patients with posterior aphasia, focus on syntactic and lexical separation and the related phenomenon of nomenclature separation. Results: the patients with temporal lobe damage had serious lexical damage and relatively good syntactic retention. The lexical comprehension was better, but the output was difficult. The lexical output was characterized by noun specific damage. Conclusion: Chinese posterior aphasia patients have good syntactic retention, severe lexical damage, and the related facts of nomenclature separation. On the one hand, it provides strong evidence for the hypothesis of lexical rules dual mechanism in language processing. On the other hand, it provides the neurolinguistic basis for the effective rehabilitation of Chinese posterior aphasia.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学外国语学院;清华大学外文系;解放军总医院第一附属医院康复医学与理疗科;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(14BYY065)
【分类号】：R743.3

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