便携式电刺激仪与脑电反馈仪的研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:42

本文关键词： 电刺激睡眠障碍功率谱　出处：《河北科技大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在临床医学应用中，使用电刺激进行治疗收到了良好的治疗效果。随着对电刺激疗法的深入研究，适合电刺激治疗的范围也在不断扩展。特别是在神经系统疾病的治疗上，具有其他内科治疗或手术治疗无法替代的作用。但是以往使用的电脉冲治疗仪，主要是通过改变脉冲波形和幅度达到治疗目的。治疗时脉冲的波形与幅值设定后将不再改变。根据生物医学理论可知，如果对人体实施长时间多次刺激后，，人体就会对刺激产生适应性，从而导致治疗效果减弱。为了提高治疗效果，本课题利用1/f波产生随机脉冲信号作为刺激源，通过随机脉冲信号对患者进行刺激，进而调节异常脑电恢复正常。并且借助于生物反馈技术研制了一种基于脑电反馈的电刺激康复治疗仪。将脑电生物反馈和电刺激结合起来，通过检测脑电信号进行生物反馈控制。分析理疗过程中波与阀值大小，并且把脑波情况反馈给单片机，直到脑波正常为止。在治疗过程当中，直接通过反馈环路进行客观刺激，无需受试者心理介入。本文设计的电刺激系统可以同时输出两路电刺激信号，通过单片机控制产生刺激信号。电刺激部分主要由单片机AT89S52、液晶显示模块、D/A转换模块、功率放大模块、按键控制模块和电源电路模块组成。脑电采集部分，通过脑电采集模块，结合上位机对刺激前、后的脑电信号进行采集存储。脑电刺激电路设计中，通过对模拟信号进行放大、滤波、陷波等操作将复杂背景噪音环境下的脑电信号进行有效提取，并将脑电信号传入计算机中进行存储，进而提取波信号与阀值进行比较。为了能有效地提取目标脑电信号进行数据采集，脑电预处理电路中进行了50Hz陷波、共模抑制、多次滤波、逐级信号放大等设计。电路在总体性能上具备较高的输入阻抗和共模抑制比、较好的抗干扰性，能够实现对脑电波信号的有效提取。在白求恩国际和平医院将电刺激与脑电反馈仪进行了安装调试。在临床试验中采集记录了患者的脑电信号。并通过脑电功率谱分析和脑电地形图，对患者治疗前后的脑电信号做了对比分析。结果显示，1/f波控制的随机电刺激系统对失眠病人进行治疗，可以减轻患者焦虑情绪，长时间使用时与常规的电刺激相比具有更好的治疗效果。
[Abstract]:In clinical medical application, the treatment of electric stimulation has received a good therapeutic effect. With the further study of electric stimulation therapy, the range suitable for electric stimulation therapy has been expanding, especially in the treatment of nervous system diseases. With other medical or surgical treatment can not be replaced. But used in the past electric pulse therapy, The pulse waveform and amplitude will not change after treatment. According to biomedical theory, if the human body is stimulated for a long time, In order to improve the therapeutic effect, in order to improve the therapeutic effect, we use 1 / f wave to produce random pulse signal as stimulus source, and stimulate patients by random pulse signal. Furthermore, the abnormal EEG is regulated to return to normal. By means of biofeedback, a rehabilitation instrument for EEG stimulation based on EEG feedback is developed, which combines EEG biofeedback with electrical stimulation. Biofeedback control is carried out by detecting EEG signals. The size of wave and threshold during physiotherapy is analyzed, and the brain wave is fed back to the single chip computer until the brain wave is normal. During the treatment, the objective stimulation is carried out directly through the feedback loop. No psychological intervention was required. The electrical stimulation system designed in this paper can output two electrical stimulation signals at the same time, and generate the stimulation signals through the control of single chip microcomputer. The electrical stimulation part is mainly composed of AT89S52, LCD module, DPA conversion module, power amplifier module. Key control module and power circuit module. EEG acquisition module, through EEG acquisition module, combined with the host computer to collect and store EEG signal before and after stimulation. In the design of EEG stimulation circuit, the analog signal is amplified. Filtering, notch and other operations can effectively extract EEG signals from complex background noise environments and transmit them to the computer for storage. In order to effectively extract the target EEG for data acquisition, 50Hz notch wave, common mode suppression, multiple filtering are used in the EEG preprocessing circuit. The circuit has high input impedance and common-mode rejection ratio in the overall performance, good anti-interference, and can effectively extract the brain wave signal. The electrical stimulation and EEG feedback instrument were installed and debugged in Bai Qiuen International Peace Hospital. The EEG signals of the patients were collected and recorded in the clinical trial. The EEG power spectrum analysis and the EEG topographic map were used. A comparative analysis of EEG before and after treatment was made. The results showed that the random electrical stimulation system controlled by 1 / F wave could relieve the anxiety of the patients with insomnia. Long-term use is more effective than conventional electrical stimulation.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6

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