基于脉搏色素浓度法的肝脏储备功能分析仪研制

发布时间：2018-03-04 20:51

本文选题：脉搏色素浓度法　切入点：肝脏储备功能分析仪　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：肝脏疾病是威胁人类生命健康的重大疾病之一。慢性肝病随着病情如不能得到及时有效的控制将发展演变，产生肝脏细胞受损，，影响肝脏功能，甚至纤维化、癌变。当病人患有肝硬化、肝内胆管结石、肝癌、以及肝脏巨大血管瘤等疾病时，实施肝脏切除、移植手术或使用高副作用药物有可能导致患者肝功能衰竭甚至死亡。因此在采取这些措前应准确评估肝脏机能，对其风险有提前预估计可以有效增加治疗成功率降低手术死亡率。肝脏储备功能是指被测者所有肝脏细胞最大功能的总和，是衡量人体肝脏细胞活性、健康度的重要指标，直接反映肝脏功能潜力。现在临床上仍然广泛使用吲哚氰绿排泄实验作为肝脏储备功能分析方法。但传统的人工采血标定法由于其操作复杂性及效率低下等因素医患双方都带来一定困难，所以其方法的改进工作显得尤为必要。利用脉搏色浓度法的仪器实现为肝脏储备功能分析提供一种操作简便、创伤较小、连续、精确地测量方法。目前同类产品有日本光电公司生产的DDG3300K，其在世界范围内得到广泛的应用。本课题从以下两个方面做了一些研究工作，并取得一定进展。 1．研究了脉搏色素浓度法，及其测量血液中吲哚氰绿数学物理模型及其修正方法，并以此为基础进一步讨论分析肝脏储备功能相关参数。 2．研发了基于脉搏色素浓度法的肝脏储备功能分析仪器原理样机，研究了微弱脉搏信号采集、调理、调制解调等电子线路模块，将测量原理的数学物理模型编写成计算机能够处理运行的软件代码。基本实现了肝脏储备功能分析仪器功能，仪器具备进一步校准、增加精度、扩充功能乃至实用化商品化的发展潜质。本文内容提要如下：第一章从课题研究内容及背景知识方面介绍了肝脏储备功能评估在肝病诊断治疗尤其手术风险评估中的重要意义。同时归纳总结了目前国内外对肝脏储备功能评估方法及测量仪器设备的研究。第二章介绍脉搏色素浓度法的数学物理模型及补偿方法。这是仪器原理模型，是仪器研发的方法基础，也是未来仪器改进升级的理论依据。第三章介绍了仪器硬件设计。包括光学传感器、各级模拟调理电路和数据采集系统。并且从信号时频两域对各阶段信号给出系统性的分析。第四章介绍了吲哚氰绿浓度曲线计算、15分钟滞留率和血浆消失率等重要肝储备分析参数的计算及软件实现。第五章主要是数据的出路与分析，把本仪器测量数据与DDG-3300k测得数据对比，寻找相关性。结果与测得数据显著相关，相关系数超过0.96。第六章对全文总结概括，并给出了下一步改进意见。
[Abstract]:Liver disease is one of the major diseases threatening human life and health. Chronic liver disease will develop and evolve with the condition not being controlled effectively and timely, resulting in liver cell damage, affecting liver function, and even fibrosis. Cancer. When patients suffer from liver cirrhosis, intrahepatic cholelithiasis, liver cancer, and giant hemangioma of the liver, liver resection is performed. Transplant surgery or the use of high side effects drugs can lead to liver failure or even death in patients. Therefore, liver function should be accurately assessed before taking these measures. Early estimation of the risk can effectively increase the success rate of treatment and reduce operative mortality. Liver reserve function refers to the sum of the maximum function of all liver cells tested, and it is an important index to measure the activity and health of human liver cells. Indocyanine green excretion test is still widely used as the method of liver reserve function analysis. But the traditional artificial blood sampling calibration method is due to its operational complexity and inefficiency and other factors. Both doctors and patients have brought some difficulties. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the method. The instrument of pulse color concentration method is used to provide a simple operation, less trauma and continuity for the analysis of liver reserve function. At present, the similar products are DDG 3300K produced by Japan Optoelectronic Company, which is widely used in the world. This subject has done some research work from the following two aspects, and has made certain progress. 1. The pulse pigment concentration method, the mathematical and physical model for measuring indocyanine green in blood and its correction method were studied, and the parameters related to liver reserve function were discussed and analyzed. 2. The principle prototype of liver reserve function analysis instrument based on pulse pigment concentration method is developed, and the electronic circuit modules such as weak pulse signal acquisition, conditioning, modulation and demodulation are studied. The mathematical and physical model of the measurement principle is compiled into the software code which the computer can process and run. The function of the liver reserve function analysis instrument is basically realized. The instrument has the ability to further calibrate and increase the precision. Expansion of functions and even practical commercialization of the development potential. The summary of this article is as follows:. The first chapter introduces the significance of liver reserve function evaluation in the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, especially in the risk assessment of liver surgery from the aspects of research contents and background knowledge. At the same time, it summarizes the current liver reserve function at home and abroad. Research on evaluation methods and measuring instruments and equipment. The second chapter introduces the mathematical and physical model and compensation method of pulse pigment concentration method, which is the principle model of instrument, the method foundation of instrument research and development, and the theoretical basis for the improvement and upgrading of instrument in the future. The third chapter introduces the hardware design of the instrument, including optical sensor, analog conditioning circuit and data acquisition system. In chapter 4th, the calculation and software realization of important hepatic reserve parameters such as 15 minute retention rate and plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green concentration curve were introduced. Chapter 5th is mainly about the way out and analysis of the data. Comparing the data measured by this instrument with the data measured by DDG-3300k to find the correlation, the result is significantly related to the measured data, and the correlation coefficient is more than 0.96. Chapter 6th summarizes the full text and gives suggestions for further improvement.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R197.39

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