纤维基仿生人造血管的制备及其研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 04:31

本文选题：人造血管　切入点：聚氨酯　出处：《武汉纺织大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：血管类疾病常常会危及到人们的生命安全问题,例如:动脉粥样硬化、炎症性血管疾病、功能性血管疾病、损伤性血管疾病、肿瘤性血管疾病等。临床上用于移植的血管按来源进行划分可分为自体和人造两种,但是自体血管来源有限且手术难度较大,因此人造血管的研发一直是国内外研究的热点问题之一。本文以聚氨酯-聚己内酯复合体系作为研究对象,将传统湿法纺丝工艺与纺织中的自动绕纱机相结合研制出了新型的人造血管制备方式,通过有序调控纤维呈现的区域,形成连续相拥的四层结构。此方法制备的人造血管不仅改善了浸提法制备的人造血管壁厚不均的问题,而且具有良好的生物相容性、力学性能、抗折皱性能、抗疲劳性和水渗透性。采用SEM、Instron万能强力机等多种分析手段对人造血管的结构、形貌、力学性质进行表征;根据ISO7198所述研制出新的表征手段对人造血管的抗折皱性能和水渗透性能进行表征。对研制出的制备人造血管的设备进行反复实验,通过大量的重复试验和数据建模可知,若想得到表面均匀致密的人造血管则人造血管匝间的法向螺距等于长丝直径;排线步进电机的速度和绕线主轴的转速之积等于滚轴丝杆螺距和长丝直径之积;灌注量与绕线速度和长丝直径成正比关系。凝固浴的长度和纺丝原液中聚氨酯-聚己内酯的固含量可以影响人造血管的拉伸断裂强度。当固含量不变时,随着凝固浴长度的增加,人造血管的轴向、径向拉伸断裂强度呈现先增加后减小的趋势。当凝固浴长度一定时,随着固含量的增加,人造血管的轴向、径向拉伸强度也呈先增加后减少的趋势。因此当凝固浴长度为50cm,聚氨酯-聚己内酯纺丝原液的固含量为18%时,人造血管的轴向、径向拉伸断裂强度最大即人造血管的力学性能越好。当固含量不变时,凝固浴长度越短,人造血管在轴向和径向方向上的力学损失越少即抗疲劳性能越好。当凝固浴长度相同时,固含量越大人造血管的轴向抗疲劳性就越差,径向方面则是固含量越多人造血管的径向抗疲劳性越好。当凝固浴长度为60cm,纺丝原液中聚氨酯-聚己内酯固含量为20%时,人造血管的抗折皱性能最佳,已经完全可以满足运动时血管的弯折程度。水渗透量随凝固浴长度的增加而变大,随纺丝原液中聚氨酯-聚己内酯固含量增加而增加。
[Abstract]:Vascular diseases often endanger people's lives, such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory vascular diseases, functional vascular diseases, damaged vascular diseases, Tumor vascular diseases and so on. The blood vessels used for transplantation in clinic can be divided into autologous and artificial blood vessels according to their sources, but the autologous blood vessels are limited in origin and difficult to operate on. Therefore, the research and development of artificial blood vessels has been one of the hot issues at home and abroad. By combining the traditional wet spinning process with the automatic spinning machine in textile, a new type of artificial blood vessel preparation method was developed. The artificial blood vessels prepared by this method not only improve the uneven wall thickness of the artificial blood vessels prepared by the extraction method, but also have good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and wrinkle resistance. Fatigue resistance and water permeability. The structure, morphology and mechanical properties of artificial blood vessels were characterized by means of SEMN Instron universal strength machine. According to ISO7198, a new characterization method was developed to characterize the anti-crease performance and water permeability of artificial blood vessels, and repeated experiments were carried out on the equipment for the preparation of artificial blood vessels, which can be seen from a large number of repeated tests and data modeling. The normal pitch between turns of the artificial blood vessel is equal to the filament diameter if the surface is uniform and compact, the product of the speed of the wire stepping motor and the rotating speed of the winding spindle is equal to the product of the screw pitch and the diameter of the filament. The volume of perfusion is proportional to the winding speed and filament diameter. The length of coagulation bath and the solid content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution can affect the tensile fracture strength of artificial blood vessel. With the increase of the length of coagulation bath, the axial tensile strength and radial tensile strength of artificial blood vessel increase first and then decrease. When the length of coagulation bath is constant, the axial strength of artificial blood vessel increases with the increase of solid content. The radial tensile strength increased first and then decreased. Therefore, when the length of coagulation bath was 50 cm and the solid content of polyurethane / polycaprolactone spinning solution was 18cm, the axial direction of the artificial blood vessel was obtained. The greater the radial tensile strength is, the better the mechanical properties of the artificial blood vessels are. The shorter the coagulation bath length is when the solid content is constant, The less mechanical losses in axial and radial directions, the better the anti-fatigue performance of artificial blood vessels. When the length of coagulation bath is the same, the axial fatigue resistance of artificial blood vessels increases with the same solid content. The radial aspect is that the more solid the artificial blood vessel, the better the radial fatigue resistance. When the length of coagulation bath is 60 cm, and the solid content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution is 20, the artificial blood vessel has the best anti-wrinkle performance. The amount of water permeation increases with the increase of coagulation bath length and the content of polyurethane-polycaprolactone in spinning solution.
【学位授予单位】：武汉纺织大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R318.11

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