基于粒子系统的心室动力模型的建立

发布时间：2018-03-25 15:38

本文选题：虚拟手术　切入点：心脏动力　出处：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：心脏是人体血液循环的动力器官,是非常重要并且复杂的器官。随着计算机三维可视化技术的发展,虚拟手术系统越来越受到人们的重视。虚拟人的诞生为虚拟手术平台的实现提供了数据来源,本文的心脏动力模型正是基于虚拟人数据粒子系统模型。而粒子系统因为对模型有着出色的真实模拟性,已经在很多领域都有了广泛的应用。本文针对粒子系统的优点及心脏动力模型的难点,利用OpenGL建立了心脏动力模型。本文的数据来源为最原始的虚拟人切片序列。通过对切片特征的深入分析,提出了基于图像粗糙度的Mean Shift分割算法,基本提取出了心脏各房室及外表的边缘。然后通过对三维重建各方法比较,确定了利用Marching Cube来进行心脏的三维重建,并通过Opengl来显示及处理三维数据。在随后的心脏动力模型中,通过分析心脏跳动时心室的运动,又引入了粒子系统。通过对心室控制点的选择,建立起控制点的粒子系统,并对这些粒子的行为采用弹性力学来约束。而对于心脏来说,左心室容积是一个比较重要的参数,所以本文除了控制点的粒子系统外,还另外创建了一种容积粒子来测量心室的容积。最后根据心室跳动在一个周期内各个时期的表现,模拟出心室跳动中各个时期与左心室容积及心输出量之间的变化关系。仿真结果表明,当心脏“跳动”的时候,容积粒子很好的表现出心室容积的变化,当心率改变时,心室的搏血量也比较符合实际情况。
[Abstract]:The heart is the dynamic organ of human blood circulation, which is very important and complex organ. With the development of computer 3D visualization technology, People pay more and more attention to virtual surgery system. The birth of virtual human provides the data source for the realization of virtual surgery platform. The cardiac dynamic model in this paper is based on the virtual human data particle system model. It has been widely used in many fields. Aiming at the advantages of particle system and the difficulty of cardiac dynamic model, a cardiac dynamic model based on OpenGL is established in this paper. The source of the data in this paper is the most original virtual human slice sequence. Based on the in-depth analysis of slice features, a Mean Shift segmentation algorithm based on image roughness is proposed. The edges of the atrioventricular and exterior of the heart were basically extracted. Then, by comparing the three dimensional reconstruction methods, we determined the use of Marching Cube to carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of the heart. In the subsequent cardiac dynamic model, the particle system is introduced by analyzing the ventricular movement while the heart is beating. The particle system of the control point is established by selecting the control point of the ventricle. And the behavior of these particles is constrained by elastic mechanics. The left ventricular volume is an important parameter for the heart, so in this paper, in addition to the particle system at the control point, A volume particle was also created to measure the volume of the ventricle. Finally, according to the performance of the ventricular beat over each period of the cycle, The simulation results show that when the heart "beats", the volume particles show the change of ventricular volume very well, when the heart rate changes, when the heart rate changes, Ventricular systolic blood volume is also more in line with the actual situation.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R312;TP391.41

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