皮肤组织工程新型材料的合成及表面改性的生物学基础研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 19:12

本文选题：光固定 + 明胶　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：PLGA是一种无毒可降解的高分子有机聚合物，其在机体内代谢首先通过聚酯水解为乳酸和羟基乙酸，随后被完全分解成为二氧化碳和水排出体外，生物相容性好。PVA水凝作为人工敷料的优点是含水量丰富，不但可以保持创面湿润，还具有吸水性可以吸收组织渗出液，同时其内部大量贯通的孔隙有利于营养物质和代谢废物的运输，且又镇痛作用，因而广泛应用与组织工程领域。本研究综合了两者的优势，并采用物理交联的方式将二者复合，构建一种类似皮肤结构的双层人工支架，使之更适合于临床骨皮肤损伤、修复的需要。明胶提取自动物的骨头或结缔组织，无毒无害，被广泛用于食品、制药及组织工程领域。在皮肤组织工程领域研究中，明胶除了具有促进细胞粘附和生长的作用，还可以作为一种底物基质与细胞外基质产生竞争作用，防止伤口部位的蛋白酶消化细胞外基质。明胶分子结构上含有大量的羟基及少量的羧基和氨基，具有极强的亲水性。因此，明胶分子中的氨基可以与光活性叠氮基团发生缩合反应，形成酯类。本研究为进一步提高人工皮肤支架材料的生物活性，以组织工程生物材料为基底，探讨光固定表面改性的对其生物相容性的影响。结果显示：本研究利用光活性叠氮基团与明胶分子的羧基发生了缩合反应，形成具有光活性的新的化合物—Az-G光活性明胶；通过在材料表面的固定效果和细胞学评价，证明Az-G光活性明胶可以稳定的固定在生物材料表面，不会脱落，且细胞相容性好，有利于细胞粘附、生长和增殖；本研究首次将静电纺丝膜和PVA水凝胶通过物理冷冻交联的方法结合，，其机型性能和保水性远优于单纯的PLGA电纺丝膜或PVA水凝胶；采用模具法制备的“多孔”PVA水凝胶有利于细胞的粘附和生长。
[Abstract]:PLGA is a nontoxic and degradable polymeric organic polymer. Its metabolism is first hydrolyzed into lactic acid and glycolic acid by polyester and then completely decomposed into carbon dioxide and water.Good biocompatibility. PVA hydration as artificial dressing has the advantage of abundant water content, which not only keeps the wound moist, but also absorbs the tissue exudate.At the same time, a large number of perforated pores are conducive to the transport of nutrients and metabolic waste, and analgesic effect, so they are widely used in the field of tissue engineering.In this study, the advantages of both were synthesised, and they were combined by physical crosslinking to construct a kind of double-layer artificial scaffold similar to skin structure to make it more suitable for clinical bone skin injury and repair.Gelatin is extracted from animal bone or connective tissue. It is nontoxic and harmless. It is widely used in food, pharmaceutical and tissue engineering fields.In the field of skin tissue engineering, gelatin can not only promote cell adhesion and growth, but also act as a substrate to compete with extracellular matrix and prevent protease from digesting extracellular matrix.Gelatin contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, a small amount of carboxyl and amino groups, and has a strong hydrophilicity.Therefore, amino groups in gelatin molecules can be condensed with photoactive azide groups to form esters.In order to further improve the bioactivity of artificial skin scaffolds, the effect of surface modification on biocompatibility of tissue engineering biomaterials was investigated.The results showed that the photoactive azide group reacted with the carboxyl group of gelatin molecule to form a new photoactive compound -Az-G photoactive gelatin.The results showed that Az-G photoactive gelatin could be stably immobilized on the surface of biomaterials without falling off, and had good cell compatibility, which was beneficial to cell adhesion, growth and proliferation.In this study, the electrospun film and PVA hydrogel were combined by physical freezing crosslinking for the first time. The performance and water retention of the electrospun membrane and PVA hydrogel were much better than those of PLGA electrospinning film or PVA hydrogel.The "porous" PVA hydrogel prepared by mould method is beneficial to cell adhesion and growth.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R318.08

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