一种眼罩式急诊眩晕症检测系统的软硬件设计与开发

发布时间：2018-04-22 17:55

本文选题：眩晕症 + 嵌入式设备　；参考：《兰州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技的快速发展,社会竞争日趋激烈,人们的生活节奏越来越快,眩晕症作为一种常见临床综合征,其发病率日益增高。针对眩晕症的急诊检测,迫切需要一种便携式的可穿戴嵌入式设备,适用于患有眩晕症的病人在接受急诊时使用,简化诊断过程,为广大患者提供快速、自动化的检测分析,帮助他们尽快确诊。本文对眩晕症急诊检测设备的硬件和软件进行了设计和开发。针对眼球结构的特定需求,对该设备定制化地设计了具有热插拔功能的光源控制器,可以无极调光方式照亮眼球的特征。采用位置传感器实时采集患者戴上眼罩后的头部方位,并用高清摄像头录制眼震视频图像。选择人机交互自然的触摸屏,作为输入设备。结合处理器的结构与通信机制,并参照各主要元器件的数据手册,设计了功能完整的硬件电路。运用平台与工具,对底层设备驱动进行开发,编译内核,并将系统成功移植到目标机。本文还设计了一种快速有效的瞳孔中心定位算法,通过对眼球图像的感兴趣区域提取和反光点消除等预处理操作,既减少计算量,又提高图像质量,然后采用星射线模型检测瞳孔边界,通过椭圆模型拟合最终定位瞳孔中心。该设备上的软件提供友好的用户界面,可引导医师独立完成对急诊患者的检查,解析录制的眼震视频,运用图像处理算法,在软件上画出实时眼震曲线图。医师根据录制的眼球视频和曲线图,综合分析眩晕症的检测结果。为眩晕症的治疗提供了可靠的检测依据,实现眩晕症的智能化检测。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, social competition is becoming more and more fierce, people's life rhythm is getting faster and faster. Vertigo, as a common clinical syndrome, its incidence is increasing day by day. For the emergency detection of vertigo, there is an urgent need for a portable wearable embedded device, which can be used by patients with vertigo in emergency, simplify the diagnosis process, and provide rapid and automatic detection and analysis for the majority of patients. Help them to be diagnosed as soon as possible. In this paper, the hardware and software of emergency detection equipment for vertigo are designed and developed. According to the special requirement of eyeball structure, a light source controller with hot-plug function is designed for the device, which can illuminate the eyeball in an endless dimming mode. The position sensor was used to collect the head position of the patient after wearing eye mask, and the video image of nystagmus was recorded by high definition camera. The natural touch screen is chosen as input device. Combined with the architecture and communication mechanism of the processor, and referring to the data manual of the main components, the hardware circuit with complete function is designed. The platform and tools are used to develop the underlying device driver, compile the kernel, and transplant the system to the target machine successfully. A fast and effective pupillary center location algorithm is designed in this paper, which can reduce the amount of calculation and improve the image quality by preprocessing the region of interest extraction and the elimination of the reflection point of the eyeball image. Then star ray model is used to detect the pupil boundary and the elliptical model is used to locate the pupil center. The software on the device provides a friendly user interface, which can guide doctors to independently complete the examination of emergency patients, analyze the recorded nystagmus video, and draw the real-time nystagmus graph on the software by using the image processing algorithm. The physician analyzed the results of vertigo based on the video and curve of eyeball recorded. It provides a reliable basis for the treatment of vertigo and realizes the intelligent detection of vertigo.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R318.6;TP391.41

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