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CBD-PTHrP胶原靶向结合和促BM-MSCs软骨形成的实验研究

发布时间:2018-04-24 11:30

  本文选题:甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白 + BM-MSCs ; 参考:《第三军医大学》2013年博士论文


【摘要】:背景: 近年来,由于软骨组织退行性改变和缺损而引起的诸如腰椎间盘突出症、退行性骨关节炎等在内的退行性骨关节疾病越来越多。关节软骨相关的退化性关节疾病严重影响超过三分之一的世界人口的关节健康。虽然治疗软骨组织缺损的外科技术已得到广泛的研究和发展,但是现存的治疗手段中没有任何一种能从根本上治疗软骨组织缺损。因此,优化关节软骨病变的治疗策略具有很高的社会和经济重要性。随着组织工程技术在骨科领域相关研究的不断深入和发展,为骨科退行性相关疾病的治疗开辟出一条崭新的治疗途径。 目前采用组织工程学技术构建的椎间盘替代物研究尚处于起步阶段,研究主要集中于支架材料、种子细胞和生物活性因子三个方面。骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells,BM-MSCs)作为一种常用的种子细胞,已广泛应用于组织工程修复中。为克服组织工程中种子细胞不断衰减,传代后种子细胞老化退变,退变的种子细胞生物学功能下降等问题,大量的外源性生长因子加入到支架材料中,以维持种子细胞的生物学功能。但所添加的生长因子由于不具有靶向结合支架材料的能力,不能很好滞留在支架材料中发挥生物学功能,从而不能对种子细胞起到持续性的促进作用。胶原蛋白,尤其是I型胶原蛋白是目前最常用的组织工程支架材料,因此I型胶原是组织工程材料靶向性的重要靶点。 甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(Parathyroid hormone related protein,PTHrP)是1987年从恶性高血钙肿瘤患者的肿瘤中提取纯化的。它是由141个氯基酸组成,其N-端PTHrP(1-34)与N-端甲状旁腺激素(N-PTH)氨基酸序列具有很高的相同性。PTHrP的生理活性除了类似N-PTH外,还具有其他的生物功能,如促进钙的传递,抑制骨的重吸收,促进骨髓间充质干细胞成软骨分化,同时抑制软骨细胞老化。同时,胶原结合域(collagen-binding domain, CBD)是由七个氨基酸构成的寡肽序列(TKKTLRT)组成,具有与胶原紧密结合的功能,被广泛用于胶原结合相关活性分子的重组表达中。 目的: 在本实验中,我们利用基因重组技术构建了新型生物活性重组蛋白CBD-PTHrP,该重组蛋白具有双重的生物学功能:一方面可以通过其中的PTHrP成分发挥诱导骨髓间充质干细胞成软骨分化和抑制软骨细胞肥大的生物学功能,另一方面该融合蛋白又能够通过CBD序列的偶联,将PTHrP锚定在胶原蛋白支架材料上,从而使PTHrP能对种子细胞起到持续靶向性的作用。因此,利用基因重组技术构建新型生物活性因子解决种子细胞在实验中易老化退变的问题能为构建新型软骨组织工程替代材料奠定基础。 方法: 1、CBD-PTHrP重组融合蛋白的表达、纯化和胶原靶向性结合能力鉴定 将CBD的编码序列构建到引物两端,以cDNA为模板利用PCR的方法获得编码CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP两种融合蛋白的基因序列,然后连接到pET-32a原核表达载体中。转化TOP10感受态细胞后筛选鉴定出阳性克隆,然后提取质粒转化Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞,利用IPTG诱导CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP两种融合蛋白表达,经Ni柱纯化得到目的蛋白。将浓度为0,0.5,1,2,4,8,12,16μm的融合蛋白添加到铺有胶原的96孔板中,利用类ELISA的方法检测两种融合蛋白对胶原的靶向结合能力。 2、人源骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养和传代鉴定 抽取人骨髓,利用密度梯度离心法分离得到骨髓间充质干细胞,然后利用DMEM/F12+10%FBS培养基进行培养,在细胞传至三代时,收取细胞利用流式细胞术对细胞表面抗原:CD34、CD44、CD45、CD73、CD90、CD105进行检测,对所分BM-MSCs的分子标记进行鉴定。 3、CBD-PTHrP促BM-MSCs向软骨细胞分化和抑制软骨细胞老化的实验研究 收集培养的BM-MSCs细胞,制成细胞小球后利用成软骨细胞诱导培养基进行培养,每2-3天换液一次,两周后用100ng/ml的NAT-PTHrP和CBD-PTHrP蛋白分别处理,并设空白对照组,再诱导培养两周后,收集细胞小球,分别提取RNA和总蛋白,利用Real-time PCR和Western blot检测COL1A1、COL2A1、COL10A1和Sox-9在mRNA和蛋白水平上的表达情况,细胞小球石蜡包埋切片后,利用番红-O染色检测软骨形成情况,免疫组织化学染色检测COL1A1、COL2A1、COL10A1和Sox-9在细胞小球组织中的表达情况。 结果: 1、构建了pET-32a-NAT-PTHrP和pET-32a-CBD-PTHrP重组质粒,,并诱导表达和纯化得到了CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP两种融合蛋白。ELISA检测405nm吸光度结果提示:相比于NAT-PTHrP蛋白,CBD-PTHrP蛋白在胶原材料上的残留量更多,具有更强的胶原结合能力。 2、分离得到了原代人BM-MSCs,免疫标记的鉴定结果为CD34和CD45阴性,排除了所分细胞为造血细胞和内皮细胞的可能性;同时CD44、CD73、CD90和CD105表面抗原为阳性,明确了所分细胞为BM-MSCs。 3、 Real-time PCR和Western blot的结果显示,相比于空白对照组,CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP蛋白都能显著的诱导COL2A1和Sox-9基因在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达,有效的抑制COL1A1和COL10A1基因在mRNA和蛋白水平的表达。番红-O染色表明相比于空白对照组,添加CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP两种融合蛋白进行诱导的细胞小球中有更多的软骨细胞形成。免疫组织化学的检测结果也表明CBD-PTHrP和NAT-PTHrP都能诱导COL2A1和Sox-9蛋白的表达和抑制COL1A1和COL10A1蛋白的表达,这与Real-time PCR和Western blot的实验结果是一致的。 结论: 相比于NAT-PTHrP蛋白,在CBD短肽的作用下,CBD-PTHrP蛋白能更好的锚定在I型胶原上,提示CBD-PTHrP蛋白在动物和体外水平上都能更好的结合到胶原支架材料上,对其中的种子细胞起到持续的诱导作用。同时,CBD-PTHrP蛋白具有与NAT-PTHrP蛋白一样的促进BM-MSCs向软骨细胞分化的生物学作用,并能够有效的抑制软骨细胞的肥大,提示在PTHrP的N端加上CBD短肽对其生物学活性没有任何影响,使得PTHrP能通过CBD短肽持续的锚定在胶原支架上,进而持续的诱导胶原支架中的BM-MSCs向软骨细胞分化和抑制软骨细胞肥大。以上实验结果为CBD-PTHrP应用到基于BM-MSCs的软骨组织工程中奠定了坚实的实验基础。
[Abstract]:Background:
Degenerative osteoarthrosis, such as protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc and degenerative osteoarthritis, is increasing in recent years. Degenerative joint diseases related to articular cartilage seriously affect the joint health of more than 1/3 of the world's population. Although the treatment of cartilage defects is treated Surgical techniques have been widely studied and developed, but none of the existing treatments can fundamentally treat cartilage defects. Therefore, the treatment strategy for the optimization of articular cartilage lesions is of high social and economic importance. The treatment of degenerative diseases in Department of orthopedics opens up a new way of treatment.
Bone marrowmesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), a common seed cell, has been widely used in tissue engineering as a common seed cell, which is mainly focused on three aspects of scaffold materials, seed cells and bioactive factors. In order to overcome the problems of continuous attenuation of seed cells in tissue engineering, aging and degeneration of seed cells after generation, degradation of biological function of degenerative seed cells, a large number of exogenous growth factors are added to the scaffold materials to maintain the biological function of seed cells, but the added growth factors do not have target binding branches. The ability of the scaffold can not be well retained in the scaffold material to play biological functions, which can not promote the continuous promotion of seed cells. Collagen, especially type I collagen, is the most commonly used scaffold material for tissue engineering, so I collagen is an important target for the targeting of tissue engineering materials.
The parathyroid hormone related protein (Parathyroid hormone related protein, PTHrP) is extracted from a malignant tumor of hypercalcemia in 1987. It is composed of 141 chloroacids. The N- terminal PTHrP (1-34) is highly identical to the N- terminal parathyroid hormone (N-PTH) amino acid sequence. The physiological activity of.PTHrP is similar to that of N-P. TH also has other biological functions, such as promoting the transfer of calcium, inhibiting the reabsorption of bone, promoting the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes and inhibiting the aging of cartilage cells. At the same time, the collagen binding domain (collagen-binding domain, CBD) is a oligopeptide sequence composed of seven amino acids (TKKTLRT), which is closely associated with collagen. Functions are widely used in recombinant expression of collagen binding related active molecules.
Objective:
In this experiment, we constructed a new bioactive recombinant protein CBD-PTHrP using gene recombination technology, which has dual biological functions: on one hand, it can play the biological function of inducing chondrodifferentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and inhibiting chondrocyte hypertrophy by its PTHrP components. On the other hand, the biological function of the recombinant protein can be induced. The protein can also be anchored to the collagen scaffold material by the coupling of the CBD sequence, which can enable the PTHrP to be targeted to the seed cells. Therefore, it is possible to construct a new type of cartilage tissue engineering by constructing a new bioactive factor using gene recombination technology to solve the problem that the seed cells can easily degenerate in the experiment. It lays the foundation for alternative materials.
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