基于柯氏音与示波法结合的血压计设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-01 06:33

本文选题：血压 + 血压计　；参考：《东北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：血压是人体健康的重要参数。随着生活节奏的加快,人们生活压力的增加,高血压患者的数量也不断的增加。众所周知,高血压严重威胁着人的身体健康,它能引起许多心脑血管疾病,如冠心病,心脏病,脑溢血及中风等疾病,所以经常监测血压对预防心脑血管疾病有非常重要的意义。研究无创血压测量技术,特别是电子血压计,不仅可以提高医疗单位的效率,避免人为误差,而且更有助于血压测量走进每家每户,方便每个人了解自己的血压变化状况。本文对柯氏音法和示波法进行研究,分析这两种方法的优缺点,并采用C8051F020单片机作为核心控制芯片,设计出柯氏音与示波法结合的混合式电子血压计。柯氏音测量血压的方法主要是人工听诊法,这种方法是根据人体动脉血管的声音来判断血压,测量结果准确,被誉为无创血压测量的“金标准”。但是这种测压方法操作复杂,测量血压人员需要接受专业的培训,容易受到环境及人为因素的影响。由于上述原因,本文采用驻极体麦克来采集人体的柯氏音信号,避免人的主观因素,减小血压测量的误差。示波法血压测量技术主要通过采集动脉的压力和脉搏信号来计算出血压值,这种方法是通过大量的实验,由统计学方法给出的,并且其测量结果稳定,是目前电子血压计广泛采用的一种测量方法。但这种方法也存在着一个缺点,就是固定的幅度系数会造成个体之间测量的误差。本文主要是把柯氏音法与示波法相结合,利用柯氏音方法和示波法的优点设计新型的混合式电子血压计。在稳定性上,使用该混合式血压计对两名测试者分别测压20次,得到收缩压的标准差是2.36mmHg和2.80mmHg;舒张压的标准差是2.26mmHg和2.56mmHg,与水银血压计得出的结果相接近,符合实用要求；在准确性上,以水银血压计为标准,对20个测试者进行血压测量,得到该混合式血压计收缩压的差值平均值是4.05mmHg,标准差是4.94mmHg;舒张压的差值平均值是3.90mmHg,标准差是4.78mmHg,符合AAMI标准,并且其差值平均值和标准差都小于购买的欧姆龙血压计,所以该血压计具有较好的准确性。
[Abstract]:Blood pressure is an important parameter of human health. With the acceleration of life rhythm and the increase of people's life pressure, the number of hypertension patients is also increasing. As we all know, hypertension is a serious threat to human health, it can cause many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, heart disease, cerebral hemorrhage and stroke and other diseases, So it is very important to monitor blood pressure to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The study of non-invasive blood pressure measurement technology, especially electronic sphygmomanometer, can not only improve the efficiency of medical units and avoid human error, but also help to measure blood pressure in every household and facilitate everyone to understand their blood pressure changes. In this paper, the Coriolis sound method and the oscillographic method are studied, and the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods are analyzed. The hybrid electronic sphygmomanometer is designed by using the C8051F020 single chip microcomputer as the core control chip and the combination of the Coriolis sound and the oscillographic method. The method of measuring blood pressure by Coriolis tone is mainly artificial auscultation. This method is based on the sound of human artery vessel to judge blood pressure. The result is accurate, and it is regarded as the "golden standard" of non-invasive blood pressure measurement. However, the blood pressure measurement method is complicated, and the blood pressure measurement personnel need professional training, which is easily influenced by environment and human factors. Because of the above reasons, this paper uses electret Mike to collect the Coriolis sound signal of human body, to avoid subjective factors and to reduce the error of blood pressure measurement. Oscillographic blood pressure measurement technique mainly calculates blood pressure value by collecting arterial pressure and pulse signals. This method is given by a large number of experiments and statistics, and its measurement results are stable. At present, electronic sphygmomanometer is widely used as a measuring method. However, this method also has a disadvantage, that is, the fixed amplitude coefficient can cause the measurement error between individuals. In this paper, a new hybrid electronic sphygmomanometer is designed by combining the Coriolis sound method with the oscillographic method and using the advantages of the Coriolis sound method and the oscillographic method. In terms of stability, the standard deviation of systolic blood pressure is 2.36mmHg and 2.80 mm Hg, the standard deviation of diastolic blood pressure is 2.26mmHg and 2.56 mmHg, which is close to the result of mercury sphygmomanometer. In terms of accuracy, blood pressure was measured by mercury sphygmomanometer in 20 subjects. The average systolic blood pressure difference was 4.05 mm Hg, the standard deviation was 4.94 mm Hg, and the average value of diastolic blood pressure difference was 3.90 mmHg and 4.78 mmHg, which was in accordance with AAMI standard, the mean value of diastolic blood pressure was 3.90 mmHg and the standard deviation was 4.78 mmHg, the mean value of systolic blood pressure was 4.05 mmHg, and the standard deviation was 4.94 mmHg. The average value and standard deviation of the Sphygmomanometer are smaller than that of the OMRON Sphygmomanometer, so the Sphygmomanometer has good accuracy.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6

【参考文献】