基于日常生活活动的足底压力分析研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 13:52

本文选题：足底压力 + 日常生活活动　；参考：《天津科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：足底压力的研究已成为生物力学领域的一个热点问题,很多的专家学者利用足底压力来研究特殊人群,如糖尿病患者、神经性疾病患者等,分析比较他们与正常人的足底压力的差异。本文旨在以正常人日常生活活动中下肢的部分动作为研究对象,通过压力测量设备获取足底压力,分析足底压力的分布特征以及压力中心轨迹的特点,评价关联动作下的身体稳定性的差异。本文选取的日常生活活动下肢动作为由站到蹲、由蹲到站、由站到坐、由坐到站、慢速行走、中速行走和快速行走7个动作。采用Zebris压力测量设备,获取不同受试者、不同动作下的足底压力。要求受试者在压力测量设备上以统一规定的姿势完成实验动作,每个动作重复三次以上,选取最佳动作下的足底峰值压力数据进行分析,利用matlab、spss软件对足部进行分区、对数据进行整合、标准化和统计分析。通过受试者完成不同下肢动作的足底压力的采集与分析,得到的主要结论有：受试者完成实验动作时,足底压力存在一定的男女差异性和左右足对称性的特征；不同动作下,足底各区域的压力分布情况一致,跖骨区和足跟区承受较大载荷,趾骨头和中足承受较小载荷；足部静止时,关联动作(即站到蹲与蹲到站、站到坐与坐到站)之间的峰值压力无显著性差异,行走时,速度增加,跖骨区和足跟的峰值压力增加；足部静止时,蹲到站的身体平衡性低于站到蹲,坐到站的身体平衡性低于站到坐,行走时,速度增加,压力中心前后偏移量增大,即身体在前后方向的稳定性变差。这为临床的足底压力分析工作提供了正常的基线标准和参考,也为鞋类舒适性设计提供依据,同时建议平衡性较差人群更加注重蹲起和坐起时身体的稳定性调节,以及行走时选择合适的步速,以防出现摔倒等失衡情况。
[Abstract]:The study of plantar pressure has become a hot issue in biomechanics. Many experts and scholars use plantar pressure to study special people, such as patients with diabetes, patients with neurological diseases, etc. The differences in plantar pressure between them and normal people were analyzed and compared. The purpose of this paper is to obtain plantar pressure by means of pressure measurement equipment, and to analyze the distribution characteristics of plantar pressure and the characteristics of pressure center locus, taking some movements of lower extremities in normal people's daily life activities as research objects. To evaluate the differences in physical stability under associated actions. In this paper, the daily activities of the lower extremity movements are: standing to squat, from squat to station, from standing to sitting, from sitting to station, to walking slowly, walking at medium speed and walking fast. The foot pressure of different subjects and different movements was obtained by using Zebris pressure measuring equipment. The subjects were asked to complete the experiment in a uniform posture on the pressure measuring equipment. Each movement was repeated more than three times. The peak foot pressure data under the best movement were selected for analysis, and the foot was partitioned by using MATLAB / SPSS software. Data integration, standardization and statistical analysis. By collecting and analyzing the plantar pressure of different lower extremity movements, the main conclusions are as follows: when the subjects complete the experiment, the plantar pressure has some characteristics of male and female differences and symmetry of left and right feet; The pressure distribution in the plantar regions is consistent, the metatarsal area and heel area bear larger loads, the phalanx head and middle foot bear a smaller load; when the foot is still, the associated action (i.e., standing to squat and squat to the station), There was no significant difference in peak pressure between standing and sitting to station. When walking, the speed increased, and the peak pressure of metatarsal and heel increased. When the foot was still, the body balance of squatting to the station was lower than that of standing to squat. The body balance at the station is lower than that at the station. When walking, the velocity increases and the deviation of the pressure center increases, that is, the stability of the body in the front and rear direction becomes worse. This provides a normal baseline standard and reference for clinical plantar pressure analysis, as well as a basis for shoe comfort design. At the same time, it is suggested that the less balanced population pay more attention to the adjustment of body stability when squatting and sitting up. And when walking choose the appropriate pace, in case of fall and other imbalances.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R318.01

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