骨功能适应性重建模型及数值模拟

发布时间：2018-05-12 12:40

本文选题：骨重建 + 数值模拟　；参考：《中国生物医学工程学报》2014年02期

【摘要】：骨骼会受到力学因素的影响和调控,发生骨功能适应性重建。建立模拟骨重建的数值模型,定量地研究骨重建过程,有着重要的临床应用价值。目前,骨功能适应性重建模型可分为两大类:力学模型和生理模型。对这两类重建模型的原理、算法和应用等做详细论述。力学模型通过假设力学环境与骨结构之间的函数关系来预测骨重建,但不考虑其真实的生物学过程。基于不同的重建激励主要有两种力学模型:骨力学稳态模型和骨损伤修复模型。生理模型则试图从微观层次阐明骨重建的力学-生物学机制,骨重建是由破骨细胞、成骨细胞等各种骨组织细胞完成,有以基本多细胞单位的形式作用或细胞独立分开作用两种观点。这些重建模型结合有限元法应用在许多有关骨重建问题的数值计算中。通过比较分析多个数值应用的模拟结果,还讨论了重建控制方程中各参数值的设置对重建结果的影响。
[Abstract]:Bone can be affected and regulated by mechanical factors, resulting in adaptive reconstruction of bone function. It has important clinical application value to establish a numerical model of simulated bone reconstruction and to quantitatively study the process of bone reconstruction. At present, bone functional adaptive reconstruction models can be divided into two categories: mechanical model and physiological model. The principle, algorithm and application of these two kinds of reconstruction models are discussed in detail. The mechanical model predicts bone reconstruction by assuming the functional relationship between the mechanical environment and the bone structure, but does not consider its true biological process. There are two kinds of mechanical models based on different reconstruction excitation: the steady-state model of bone mechanics and the model of bone injury repair. The physiological model attempts to clarify the mechanical-biological mechanism of bone reconstruction at the microcosmic level. Bone remodeling is accomplished by osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and other bone tissue cells. There are two views of action in the form of basic multicellular units or independent cell separation. These reconstruction models combined with finite element method are applied to many numerical calculations of bone reconstruction problems. By comparing and analyzing the simulation results of several numerical applications, the effects of the parameters in the reconstruction control equation on the reconstruction results are discussed.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院;中国航天员训练中心;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB711005) 国家自然科学基金(30500122)
【分类号】：R318.01

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