虚拟宫腹腔镜技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 18:37

本文选题：虚拟手术 + 宫腹腔镜　；参考：《哈尔滨工程大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着虚拟现实技术和现代医学的快速发展，虚拟现实技术已被广泛应用到医学仿真中，形成虚拟手术仿真这一全新的研究领域。目前，随着现代医学的不断发展，内窥镜手术因其所具有的康复快、术后痛苦小、伤口小和后遗症少等优势而得到了非常广泛的应用。但是它也有其自身的缺点，如进行手术的医生的手和眼协调起来比较困难，而对于那些复杂度较高的内窥镜手术，医生必须经过长期的训练才能进行实际操作。把虚拟现实与内窥镜手术结合起来，开发一个虚拟内窥镜手术仿真系统，能有效地解决传统的训练模式下训练成本高、训练过程无法重复等缺点。本文以虚拟宫腹腔镜手术仿真系统为研究背景，首先开发其软件部分，主要对其中的碰撞检测、物理建模和计算建模等关键技术进行了研究。在碰撞检测方面，综合考虑虚拟宫腹腔镜手术仿真系统中对真实性和实时性的要求，将混合的层次包围盒方法与光线跟踪法结合起来，，提出一种新的基于复合层次包围盒和光线跟踪的改进碰撞检测算法，并提出一种伪碰撞点对过滤算法。在软组织变形仿真方面，针对虚拟宫腹腔镜手术仿真特定的需要，在对宫腹腔内各种软组织的生物力学特性进行详细的阐述之后，选择混合的粘弹性模型，并在传统的有限元法的基础上，综合考虑线性粘弹性的快速和非线性粘弹性的准确性，将两者结合起来，提出基于有限元的混合粘弹性的软组织变形仿真算法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of virtual reality technology and modern medicine, virtual reality technology has been widely used in medical simulation, forming a new research field of virtual surgery simulation. At present, with the development of modern medicine, endoscopic surgery has been widely used because of its advantages of quick recovery, small postoperative pain, small wound and less sequelae. But it also has its own disadvantages, such as the hand and eye coordination of the surgeon is more difficult, and for those with high complexity of endoscopic surgery, doctors must undergo long-term training before the actual operation. By combining virtual reality with endoscopic surgery, a virtual endoscope surgery simulation system is developed, which can effectively solve the disadvantages of high training cost in traditional training mode, and the training process can not be repeated. In this paper, the virtual hysteroscope surgery simulation system is used as the research background. Firstly, the software part is developed, and the key technologies such as collision detection, physical modeling and computational modeling are studied. In the aspect of collision detection, considering the requirement of authenticity and real-time in virtual hysteroscopy surgery simulation system, the hybrid hierarchical bounding box method is combined with ray-tracing method. An improved collision detection algorithm based on composite hierarchy bounding box and ray tracking is proposed, and a pseudo collision point pair filtering algorithm is proposed. In the aspect of soft tissue deformation simulation, according to the specific needs of virtual hysteroscopy surgery simulation, after elaborating the biomechanical characteristics of various soft tissues in the abdominal cavity of uterus in detail, the mixed viscoelastic model is selected. Based on the traditional finite element method and considering the accuracy of linear viscoelasticity and nonlinear viscoelasticity, a finite element method for soft tissue deformation simulation of mixed viscoelasticity is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6;TP391.9

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