医用新型强迫振荡呼吸阻力监测仪的应用与研究设计

发布时间：2018-05-17 19:08

本文选题：强迫振荡技术 + 最优线性近似法　；参考：《华南理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代社会的快速发展使人们对健康问题愈发重视，而呼吸类疾病更是越来越成为人类健康的重要威胁。严重急性呼吸综合症(SARS，SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndromes)、禽流感和甲流传染病都在社会上引起极大地恐慌，它们都无一不与呼吸的重要器官--肺有极大地关系，可见对肺组织进行及早的预防与治疗有着多么重要的意义。本课题的出发点是基于呼吸疾病越来越成为威胁人类健康的主要病因，而在国内虽然医疗卫生事业取得长足的进步，但是医疗器械的发展却相对滞后。有鉴于此，本课题提出了基于强迫振荡技术的医用呼吸监测仪的设计，，该设计是区别于传统的有创的方式，采用无创的方式通过病人的口或是鼻进行肺组织的检测。本课题采用理论建模、模块划分和临床试验相结合的方法进行原理性样机的研制工作，样机分为振荡发生器模块、数据采集模块、数据分析模块和数据显示模块。振荡发生器模块的作用是提供强迫振荡技术新方法所要产生的低幅低频正弦信号，提出音圈电机为核心的伺服控制系统，系统方案提出了前馈控制的双闭环策略；数据采集模块是将管道里的压力和流量信号用STM32103ZE(STM32)进行采集，提出硬件低通滤波和数字软件滤波相结合的方法；数据分析模块提出以最优线性近似法和互相干法为基础的时域的分析算法对呼吸阻抗、电抗和呼吸顺应性在呼气相和吸气相均值以数值和波形进行显示以此判断肺部的组织状况，并改进了互相干系数准则进行数据有效性的判断方法；数据显示模块是将参数和波形以按键切换操作和VGA屏进行显示；在完成上述模块之后将各模块进行组装完成了原理性样机的研制，最后将研制的样机在南方医科大学珠江附属医院ICU进行了R-I-E模型和志愿者测试的临床实验，达到了样机的监测肺部状况的意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern society, people pay more attention to health problems, and respiratory diseases are becoming an important threat to human health. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARSs) SevereAcute Respiratory Syndromes.Avian Influenza and H1N1 Infectious Diseases have caused great social panic, and none of them is unrelated to the vital organ of breathing-the lung. It can be seen that early prevention and treatment of lung tissue is of great significance. The starting point of this subject is that respiratory diseases are becoming the main cause of threatening human health, but in China, although the medical and health cause has made great progress, the development of medical devices is relatively lagging behind. In view of this, the design of a medical respiratory monitor based on forced oscillation technique is proposed. The design is different from the traditional invasive method, and the non-invasive method is used to detect the lung tissue through the patient's mouth or nose. In this paper, theoretical modeling, module partition and clinical trial are used to develop the prototype. The prototype is divided into oscillation generator module, data acquisition module, data analysis module and data display module. The function of the oscillation generator module is to provide the low amplitude low frequency sinusoidal signal generated by the new method of forced oscillation technology. A servo control system with voice coil motor as the core is proposed. The system scheme proposes a double closed loop strategy for feedforward control. The data acquisition module uses STM32103ZEN STM32 to collect the pressure and flow signals in the pipeline, and puts forward the method of combining hardware low-pass filtering with digital software filtering. In the data analysis module, a time-domain analysis algorithm based on the optimal linear approximation method and the mutual drying method is proposed to analyze the respiratory impedance. Reactance and respiratory compliance in the expiratory phase and inspiratory phase mean value and waveform to judge the lung tissue status, and improved the mutual coefficient criterion for data validity judgment method; The data display module displays the parameters and waveforms by keystroke switching operation and VGA screen. After completing the above modules, the modules are assembled to complete the development of the principle prototype. In the end, the prototype was used in the ICU of Pearl River affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University to carry out the clinical experiment of R-I-E model and volunteer test, which achieved the significance of monitoring the lung condition of the prototype.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.6;TP274.2

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