干细胞构建软骨组织工程研究进展

发布时间：2018-05-31 15:41

本文选题：干细胞 + 组织工程　；参考：《中国矫形外科杂志》2015年12期

【摘要】：[背景]创伤后软骨的再生能力是很有限的,而目前处理小的软骨缺损的方法有以下几种:(1)姑息治疗,包括关节镜下的清理和冲洗;(2)修补治疗,骨髓刺激疗法,如微骨折术;(3)修复治疗,包括骨软骨的移植和自体软骨细胞的移植。大的缺损的处理,一般使用同种异体骨软骨移植,或全关节成形术。然而软骨缺损治疗的未来,要靠软骨再生技术所提供的生物医学解决方法。[目的]探讨近年来软骨组织工程的进展,总结干细胞及其他方面进步和发展方向。[方法]检索关于干细胞构建软骨组织工程的文章,在标题和摘要中以"stem cell、tissue engineering、cartilage、bioreactor"为检索词进行检索。最终选择45篇文献进行综述。[结果与结论]实验室和临床研究都已经验证了软骨组织工程治疗大的缺损的方法。再生的软骨可以来自于软骨细胞,多能干细胞和间充质干细胞。支架材料的来源包括蛋白质,碳水化合物,合成材料,复合高分子材料等。软骨诱导生长因子的应用可以加强软骨的形成。生物反应器的发明,能加强体外组织工程软骨的营养运输,提供所需的机械刺激。多学科研究方法的运用,使得临床运用软骨再造技术有希望变为现实。
[Abstract]:[background] the ability to regenerate post-traumatic cartilage is very limited, and there are several types of palliative treatment for small cartilage defects, including arthroscopic cleaning and flushing, repair, bone marrow stimulation. For example, microfracture repair, including bone cartilage transplantation and autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Large defects are usually treated with allogeneic bone cartilage transplantation or total arthroplasty. However, the future of cartilage defect treatment depends on biomedical solutions provided by cartilage regeneration technology. Objective: to discuss the progress of cartilage tissue engineering in recent years and summarize the progress and development of stem cells and other aspects. [methods] Retrieval of the articles on the construction of cartilage tissue engineering by stem cells was carried out under the title and abstract with "stem cell tissue engineering cartilage / bioreactor" as the key word. Finally, 45 articles were reviewed. Results and conclusions: both laboratory and clinical studies have validated the method of cartilage tissue engineering in the treatment of large defects. Regenerated cartilage can come from chondrocytes, pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The sources of scaffold materials include protein, carbohydrates, synthetic materials, composite polymer materials and so on. The application of chondrogenic growth factor can enhance the formation of cartilage. The invention of bioreactor can enhance the nutrient transport of tissue engineering cartilage in vitro and provide the necessary mechanical stimulation. The application of multi-disciplinary research methods makes the clinical application of cartilage reconstruction technology promising to become a reality.
【作者单位】：泰山医学院运动医学与康复学院/运动医学研究所;
【基金】：山东省自然科学基金(编号:ZR2013HM034)
【分类号】：R318.08

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