股骨有限元建模及相应的生物力学分析

发布时间：2018-06-13 13:43

本文选题：股骨 + Mimics　；参考：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：股骨是人体最长的骨,在人体运动系统中主要起支撑作用,上段股骨头是构成髋关节的一部分,下段股骨内、外侧髁是构成膝关节的一部分,解剖结构分为骨皮质和骨松质。股骨受损和坏死困扰着大多数股骨患者,传统的假体置换手术在临床上存在很多不足,诸如排异反应、假体掉落和个体差异性。随着有限元法广泛应用于生物医学工程领域,个性化股骨置换手术在骨缺损的研究中是个很热的话题。本文使用计算机进行了股骨三维重建、有限元建模及分析。本文所建模型能有效地分析股骨的力学特性,为下一步定制个性化人工髋关节奠定基础。本文选取新鲜猪股骨上的三个点贴应变片,在材料实验性能机INSTRON5544进行单轴压缩实验,获得三个位置的实验应变值；实验前对其行CT扫描,获得DICOM格式文件并刻入光盘,其后导入Mimics10.01试用版中进行三维重建,用Ansys12.0试用版体网格划分,由于骨材质分布呈非均匀性特性,再导入Mimics10.01赋材料属性,最后导入Ansys12.0进行有限元计算,获得对应位置的模拟应变值,通过与实验数据对比吻合,说明本文有限元建模的方法可信。然后采用同样的方法进行人体股骨有限元建模,该模型符合真实情况,并能够模拟正常人体站立时,在不同载荷情况下股骨的von Mises应力。研究结果表明用灰度值与材料属性关系所建立的人体股骨有限元模型能模拟真实情况,可用于股骨治疗的临床模拟。
[Abstract]:The femur is the longest bone in the human body and plays a supporting role in the human motor system. The upper femoral head is a part of the hip joint, the lower femur, the lateral condyle is a part of the knee joint, and the anatomical structure is divided into bone cortex and cancellous bone. The damage and necrosis of the femur have troubled most of the femur patients. The traditional prosthesis replacement surgery has many shortcomings in clinic, such as rejection reaction, prosthesis fall and individual difference. With the wide application of finite element method in biomedical engineering, personalized femoral replacement is a hot topic in bone defect research. In this paper, three-dimensional reconstruction, finite element modeling and analysis of femur are carried out by computer. The model can effectively analyze the mechanical properties of femur and lay a foundation for customization of artificial hip joint. In this paper, three strain gauges of fresh pig femur were used to carry out uniaxial compression experiment on material performance machine INSTRON5544, and the experimental strain values of three positions were obtained. Before the experiment, CT scan was performed, DICOM format file was obtained, and the disc was engraved in DICOM format. Then it was imported into Mimics 10.01 trial edition for 3D reconstruction, and the Ansys12.0 trial version was used to mesh the body. Due to the uneven distribution of bone material, Mimics10.01 was imported into Mimics10.01 to assign material properties. Finally, Ansys12.0 was imported to calculate the finite element. The simulated strain values of the corresponding position are obtained, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental data, which shows that the finite element modeling method in this paper is reliable. Then the finite element model of human femur is established by the same method. The model accords with the real situation and can simulate the von stress of the femur under different loads when the normal human body is standing. The results show that the finite element model of human femur based on the relationship between gray value and material properties can simulate the real situation and can be used in the clinical simulation of femur therapy.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R681.8

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