视觉假体中基于图像信息的能量可调节无线传输系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 18:52

本文选题：视觉假体 + 无线能量与数据传输　；参考：《上海交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：视觉假体是一种帮助视觉损伤人士修复视觉功能的植入式医疗装置。该类装置采集视觉图像，提取关键视觉信息并进行神经编码，通过植入体内的微刺激器对视皮层、视神经或者视网膜进行电刺激，诱发光幻视，实现被植入者的视觉感知。视觉假体的设计中必须考虑到视觉假体长期植入、随时携带的要求。相关装置对于视觉信息的处理、编码、传输的实时性也具有较高的要求。此外，植入装置的体积还受到严格限制。以上要求决定了视觉假体须采用无线传输的体内外供能和通信方案。为了提高视觉感知效果，视觉假体设计中倾向增加电刺激电极数量，目前已知相关研究中最大电极数超过1000个。随着视觉假体电极数量的不断增多，体内装置的功耗也将大大增加，体内外无线传输方案也面临许多新的问题。一是视觉假体便携式电源容量有限，内部功耗增加将大大减少装置续航时间。因此需要高效率利用电源能量的无线传输方案。二是视觉假体工作中持续传输较大功率会增加使用局部生物组织的电磁辐射，对长期使用时的生物安全性构成潜在的威胁。针对以上问题，本文提出了一种基于图像信息的能量可调节无线传输方案，能够根据视觉图像信息预测体内装置需要的功率，并及时调节无线传输的功率，实现体外发射功率和体内需要功率的动态匹配。本文首先介绍了能量可调节无线传输系统的硬件设计方案，分析了功率放大器、数据调制和解调、能量可调节发射电路、接收电路等关键模块和功能的设计思路，比较了国内外相关研究，，力求实现适合视觉假体特定应用背景的优化设计。其后，本文阐述了基于图像信息的能量可调节无线传输方法的流程，并进行了功率预测的相关仿真。应用仿真结果，验证了该方法的效果和意义。最后，本文对已实现的相关系统进行了测试，包括系统的传输能量、效率、执行时间等。
[Abstract]:Visual prosthesis is an implantable medical device that helps visually impaired people to repair visual function. The device collects the visual images, extracts the key visual information and encodes the nerve, and stimulates the visual cortex, optic nerve or retina through the microstimulator in vivo to induce optical illusion and realize the visual perception of the implants. The design of visual prosthesis must take into account the requirement of long-term implantation and carrying at any time. The related device has high requirement for the real-time processing, coding and transmission of visual information. In addition, the size of the implant is also strictly limited. The above requirements determine that the visual prosthesis should adopt wireless transmission in vivo and in vitro energy supply and communication scheme. In order to improve visual perception, the design of visual prosthesis tends to increase the number of electrical stimulation electrodes. With the increasing number of visual prosthesis electrodes, the power consumption of devices in vivo will be greatly increased, and the wireless transmission scheme in vivo and in vitro will also face many new problems. First, the portable power supply capacity of visual prosthesis is limited, and the increase of internal power consumption will greatly reduce the life time of the device. Therefore, a wireless transmission scheme with high efficiency using power supply is needed. The other is that the continuous transmission of high power in visual prosthesis will increase the electromagnetic radiation of local biological tissue and pose a potential threat to biological safety in long-term use. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a wireless transmission scheme based on image information, which can predict the power needed by the device and adjust the power of wireless transmission in time. The dynamic matching between the external emission power and the in-vivo required power is realized. This paper first introduces the hardware design of the energy adjustable wireless transmission system, analyzes the key modules and functions of power amplifier, data modulation and demodulation, energy adjustable transmission circuit, receiving circuit, etc. The relative research at home and abroad is compared in order to realize the optimal design suitable for the specific application background of visual prosthesis. Then, the flow of the energy adjustable wireless transmission method based on image information is described, and the simulation of power prediction is carried out. The effectiveness and significance of the method are verified by simulation results. Finally, the system is tested, including transmission energy, efficiency, execution time and so on.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R318.18

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