头颈部危险穴位测量与定位方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 17:59

本文选题：图像采集 + 边缘检测　；参考：《天津大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：针灸疗法历史悠久,疗效独特。头颈部穴区部分穴位下面有重要的血管、神经等组织结构,在临床中有着神奇的治疗效果,在针灸研究中至关重要,但针刺不当极易发生意外,重则伤及性命,中医学上称之为头颈部危险穴位。头颈部针灸双盲试验和针灸作用机理是国际上尚未攻克的焦点研究课题之一,是头颈部针灸科学发展中亟待解决的重大问题。在头颈部针灸双盲试验及针灸作用机理研究中,因取穴不准确,导致同一穴位取穴点不相同,不同穴位取穴点交叉重合,此穴非彼穴,因果关系模糊,难以有效地执行针灸随机对照双盲试验,头颈部针灸作用机理研究的可靠性和科学性受到影响和质疑。为解开这个世界科学难题,解决头颈部针灸科学研究中的取穴规范化和归一化问题,研究科学取穴的测量方法和测量仪器,已成为头颈部针灸科学研究与发展中亟待解决的重要科学和技术问题。本文以头颈部危险穴位为测量对象,研究借助精密光学采集与投影设备,在腧穴定位国家标准的基础上,结合了图像处理和数学几何计算等现代技术,设计了一种用于头颈部危险穴位测量与定位方法和技术。本课题的主要工作有以下几方面: (1)结合精密光学仪器的原理和应用,提出了具有图像采集、取穴测量、投影定位等功能的系统方案,设计了图像采集与投影一体化机。 (2)设计了用于采集设备和投影设备主光轴平行校准的标准圆校准方法。 (3)设计了两自由度云台,用于完成承载图像采集系统和投影定位系统的任务,控制图像采集系统完成对被测人体头颈部图像的正确采集,控制投影定位系统完成对危险穴位的精确定位。 (4)提出了图像处理方案,重点研究了图像的穴位测量方案,运用图像处理算法分析得到穴位的精确位置,并完成定位方案的设计。 (5)设计编写了易于操作的人机交互界面,方便用户进行相关操作。该课题利用光学仪器和精密测量技术,准确测量与定位头颈部危险穴位。该头颈部危险穴位测量与定位方法为针灸科学研究提供一种切实可行的方法和技术手段,对针灸科学研究具有重要理论意义和应用价值。
[Abstract]:Acupuncture therapy has a long history and unique curative effect. There are important blood vessels, nerves and other tissue structures beneath some points in the head and neck area, which have magical therapeutic effects in clinical practice and are of great importance in acupuncture research. However, improper acupuncture is prone to accidents and serious injuries to life. Traditional Chinese medicine is called head and neck dangerous acupoints. The double blind experiment of acupuncture and moxibustion and the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in the head and neck are one of the focus research topics which have not been solved in the world. It is an important problem to be solved urgently in the scientific development of acupuncture and moxibustion in the head and neck. In the double blind experiment of acupuncture and moxibustion in head and neck and the study on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion, because of the inaccuracy of acupoint extraction, the same point is different, the point of different acupoint is overlapping, the point is not another point, and the causality is fuzzy. It is difficult to carry out randomized controlled double-blind trials of acupuncture and moxibustion effectively, and the reliability and scientific nature of the study on the mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in the head and neck are affected and questioned. In order to solve this world scientific problem, to solve the problem of standardization and normalization of acupoints in the scientific research of acupuncture and moxibustion in the head and neck, to study the measuring methods and measuring instruments of scientific acupoints, It has become an important scientific and technical problem to be solved in the scientific research and development of acupuncture and moxibustion in head and neck. In this paper, the dangerous acupoints of head and neck are taken as the measurement object. With the aid of precise optical acquisition and projection equipment, and on the basis of the national standard of acupoint positioning, the paper combines modern techniques such as image processing and mathematical geometry calculation. A method and technique for measuring and locating dangerous acupoints in head and neck were designed. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) combined with the principle and application of precision optical instrument, a system scheme with the functions of image acquisition, hole measurement, projection positioning and so on is put forward. The image acquisition and projection integration machine is designed. (2) the standard circle calibration method for parallel calibration of the main optical axis of the acquisition equipment and the projection equipment is designed. (3) the two-degree-of-freedom cloud head is designed. It is used to complete the task of carrying image acquisition system and projection positioning system, and to control the image acquisition system to complete the correct collection of human head and neck images. Control projection positioning system to complete the accurate positioning of dangerous acupoints. (4) put forward an image processing scheme, focus on the image of the acupoint measurement scheme, using image processing algorithm analysis to obtain the accurate point position, And complete the design of the positioning scheme. (5) designed a human-computer interface which is easy to operate, which is convenient for users to operate. Using optical instruments and precision measurement technology, the task accurately measures and locates the dangerous acupoints of head and neck. The method of measuring and locating dangerous acupoints in the head and neck provides a feasible method and technical means for the scientific research of acupuncture and moxibustion, and has important theoretical significance and application value for the scientific research of acupuncture and moxibustion.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH789;R245

【参考文献】