牙表面仿釉质涂层的理化性质和生物相容性研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 21:49

【摘要】：目的：探讨两种不同羟基磷灰石（Hydroxyapatite,HA）粉末合成法对涂层性能的影响，通过Ames试验、迟发型超敏反应试验、皮下植入试验来初步评价自制牙表面仿釉质涂层材料的生物相容性，为材料的最终临床应用提供试验依据。方法：（1）摸索微波法和熟化法合成HA涂剂的配方；运用X射线衍射、电镜扫描、维氏硬度计对HA涂层进行测试和分析，初步研究两种不同涂剂合成法对涂层性能的影响。（2）采用TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102四种菌株，参照YY/T0127.10-2009鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌回复突变试验（Ames试验）标准，检测牙表面仿釉质涂层材料是否有致突变性。（3）参照GB/T16886.10-2005刺激与迟发型超敏反应试验标准，采用最大剂量试验方法，将30只豚鼠随机分为3组，探讨牙表面仿釉质涂层材料是否有致敏性。（4）参照YY/T0127.8-2001皮下植入试验标准，将12只新西兰白兔随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组植入表面覆盖HA涂层的牙片，对照组为无涂层牙片，评价牙表面仿釉质涂层材料是否有毒性和刺激性。结果：（1）微波法和熟化法合成的HA粉末，与固化液混合后均可在酸蚀后的牙釉质表面形成HA涂层（分别为HA-1和HA-2）；HA-2涂层的取向性、结构致密度、维氏硬度均优于HA-1涂层。（2）试验组各剂量的回变菌落数与自发回变菌落数相近,而阳性对照组引起测试菌株的回变菌落数明显增加，并超过对照组的2倍以上，该试验结果为阴性，初步表明牙表面仿釉质涂层材料对鼠伤寒沙门氏杆菌无致突变作用。（3）迟发型超敏反应试验中，阳性对照组豚鼠9只出现红斑，致敏率为90%；而试验组豚鼠均无红肿红斑，与阴性对照组无显著差异，，表明该仿釉质涂层材料无明显的致敏性。（4）皮下植入试验中，4W时两组均有较多炎细胞浸润；12W时均无明显炎症反应。炎症细胞逐渐减少，到12W时组织反应程度接近正常。我们可以初步推断该材料在植入机体后，不会对组织产生毒害作用。结论：两种方法合成的HA粉末，与固化液混合后均可在酸蚀后的牙釉质表面形成HA涂层；熟化法合成的HA粉末，具有更好的理化性质。本研究认为就Ames试验、迟发型超敏反应试验、皮下植入试验这3个试验指标而言，牙表面仿釉质涂层材料具有良好的生物相容性，符合相关标准要求，有着较为广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effect of two kinds of hydroxyapatite (HA) powder synthesis methods on the coating properties, and to evaluate the biocompatibility of enamel imitating coating materials on the surface of teeth by Ames test, delayed type hypersensitivity test and subcutaneous implantation test. To provide experimental basis for the final clinical application of materials. Methods: (1) the formula of HA coating was synthesized by microwave method and maturation method, and the HA coating was tested and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and Vickers hardness meter. The effects of two different coating methods on the coating properties were preliminarily studied. (2) four strains of TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 were used, and the standard of YY / T0127.10-2009 Ames test was used to test the reversion mutation of Salmonella typhimurium. (3) according to GB / T 16886.10-2005 test standard, 30 guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups by maximum dose test. Objective: to investigate whether enamel imitating coating material on tooth surface is sensitized. (4) according to YY / T0127.8-2001 subcutaneous implantation test standard, 12 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The control group was treated with uncoated tooth. The enamel imitating coating material on the tooth surface was evaluated for toxicity and irritation. Results: (1) the HA coating (HA-1 and HA-2) on the enamel after etching could be formed by mixing the HA powder with the curing solution. The hardness of Vickers was better than that of HA-1 coating. (2) the number of retrograde colonies in each dose of test group was similar to that of spontaneous retrograde bacteria, but the number of retrograde colonies in positive control group was obviously increased, and more than 2 times of that of control group. The results showed that the enamel coating material on the tooth surface had no mutagenic effect on Salmonella typhimurium. (3) in the delayed type hypersensitivity test, 9 guinea pigs in the positive control group had erythema, and the sensitizing rate was 90%. However, there were no erythema in all guinea pigs in the test group, and there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the negative control group, which indicated that the enamel imitating coating material had no obvious sensitization. (4) there were more inflammatory cell infiltration in both groups at 4 W in the subcutaneous implantation test. There was no obvious inflammatory reaction at 12 W. The inflammatory cells gradually decreased and the degree of tissue reaction was close to normal at 12 W. We can infer preliminarily that the material does not have a toxic effect on the tissue after it is implanted into the body. Conclusion: HA coating can be formed on the surface of enamel after acid etching by mixing HA powder with curing solution, and the HA powder synthesized by aging method has better physical and chemical properties. In this study, it is concluded that the enamel imitating coating materials on tooth surface have good biocompatibility and meet the requirements of relevant standards for Ames test, delayed type hypersensitivity test and subcutaneous implantation test. It has a broad application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：福建医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.08

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