精密痰液计量器的研制与应用

发布时间：2018-09-01 12:39

【摘要】：目的研制可精密计量单次吸出痰液量的用具,用于临床观察痰液量,为医生判断患者病情和决定治疗方案提供准确的参考数据。方法 2015年3月,本研究组研制了精密痰液计量器(专利号:ZL 2015 2 0346561.7)。选取2015年5—9月广西壮族自治区人民医院ICU病房、儿科重症监护病房、新生儿病房的住院患者为操作对象,将精密痰液计量器、肉眼估量法、计量吸痰器分别应用于普通口鼻腔吸痰(新生儿20例次、婴幼儿20例次、年长儿20例次、成年人20例次)以及机械通气气管内吸痰(新生儿20例次、婴幼儿20例次、年长儿20例次、成年人20例次)。记录3种痰液计量方法的计量准确率。2015年9月,利用自制调查问卷对使用精密痰液计量器、计量吸痰器的护士进行调查,记录其临床应用效果评分。共发放问卷160份,收回有效问卷160份,有效回收率为100.0%。结果精密痰液计量器、计量吸痰器普通口鼻腔吸痰、机械通气气管内吸痰总计量准确率大于肉眼估量法(P0.05)。肉眼估量法对新生儿、婴幼儿、年长儿、成年人普通口鼻腔吸痰、机械通气气管内吸痰计量准确率小于精密痰液计量器、计量吸痰器(P0.05)。精密痰液计量器操作性、可冲净性、便携性、便于观察性、易固定性、效费比得分均高于计量吸痰器(P0.05)。结论精密痰液计量器具有良好的准确性及临床应用性能,操作简便、使用方便,可为医生判断病情、调整治疗方案提供准确的参考数据。
[Abstract]:Objective To develop a precise instrument for measuring sputum volume per suction, which can be used for clinical observation of sputum volume, and provide accurate reference data for doctors to judge the patient's condition and decide the treatment plan. Inpatients in ICU ward, pediatric intensive care unit and neonatal ward of the People's Hospital were operated. Precision sputum meter, naked eye measurement method and metered sputum suction device were applied to ordinary oral and nasal suction (20 neonates, 20 infants, 20 elders, 20 adults) and mechanical ventilation tracheal suction (neonates). 20 infants, 20 infants, 20 elders and 20 adults) were enrolled in the study. The accuracy of three sputum measurement methods was recorded. In September 2015, nurses using precision sputum meter and suction meter were investigated by self-made questionnaires, and their clinical effects were recorded. A total of 160 questionnaires were issued and 160 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Results The accuracy of total measurement of sputum aspiration in trachea by mechanical ventilation was higher than that by naked eye method (P 0.05). The accuracy of naked eye method was lower than that of precise measurement in neonates, infants, elder children, adults. Conclusion The precise sputum meter has good accuracy and clinical application performance, easy operation, convenient operation, and can be used for doctors to judge the condition of the disease and adjust it. The treatment plan provides accurate reference data.
【作者单位】：广西壮族自治区人民医院;
【基金】：广西壮族自治区卫生厅自筹经费科研课题(Z2014195) 广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻15277008)
【分类号】：R197.39

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