人脱细胞羊膜在构建组织工程支架中的应用及研究方向

发布时间：2018-10-26 21:59

【摘要】：背景:人脱细胞羊膜是一种良好的具有生物相容性及生物活性的细胞外基质材料,因其免疫原性低、排异反应小、取材容易等优点,被广泛用于临床研究。目的:综述人脱细胞羊膜在皮肤、血管、角膜、软骨及骨等组织工程中的应用。方法:由第一作者检索中国知网(2005年1月至2017年5月)、中国生物医学文献数据库(2005年1月至2017年5月)、PubMed数据库(1990年1月至2017年5月)及Elsevier数据库(1990年1月至2017年5月),有关人脱细胞羊膜在骨、软骨、皮肤、血管等组织工程中应用的文章,中文关键词为"脱细胞羊膜,支架,组织工程,细胞外基质",英文关键词为"acelluar amniotic membrane,scaffold,material,tissue engineering,ECM"。结果与结论:人脱细胞羊膜具有天然的细胞外基质结构及功能,与不同来源干细胞复合后经诱导可向不同的组织和器官分化,例如骨、软骨、皮肤、血管及角膜组织等。人脱细胞羊膜作为组织工程支架具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性及低免疫原性等优点,但其也存在一些不足,包括强度欠佳、植入后可能存在排异反应等。缩短细胞与人脱细胞羊膜支架的黏附时间,增加人脱细胞羊膜的自身机械强度,优化细胞生长微环境,将人脱细胞羊膜与其他组织工程支架相互结合,是今后研究的主要方向。
[Abstract]:Background: human acellular amniotic membrane is a good biocompatible and bioactive extracellular matrix material. It is widely used in clinical research because of its low immunogenicity, small rejection reaction and easy to take materials. Objective: to review the application of human acellular amniotic membrane in tissue engineering of skin, blood vessel, cornea, cartilage and bone. Methods: the first author searched the China knowledge Network (January 2005 to May 2017) and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (January 2005 to May 2017). PubMed database (January 1990 to May 2017) and Elsevier database (January 1990 to May 2017), articles on the application of human acellular amniotic membrane in bone, cartilage, skin, blood vessel and other tissue engineering, Chinese keyword is "acellular amniotic membrane," Scaffold, tissue engineering, extracellular matrix ", English keyword is" acelluar amniotic membrane,scaffold,material,tissue engineering,ECM ". Results & conclusion: human acellular amniotic membrane has natural extracellular matrix structure and function, and can differentiate into different tissues and organs, such as bone, cartilage, skin, blood vessel and cornea, when combined with stem cells from different sources. Human acellular amniotic membrane as a tissue engineering scaffold has good biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity, but it also has some shortcomings, including poor strength, possible rejection after implantation and so on. To shorten the adhesion time of human acellular amniotic membrane scaffold, to increase the mechanical strength of human acellular amniotic membrane, to optimize the microenvironment of cell growth, and to combine human acellular amniotic membrane with other tissue engineering scaffolds are the main research directions in the future.
【作者单位】：遵义医学院附属医院骨一科;
【基金】：贵州省科技厅社会发展科技攻关项目(黔社科合SY字[2010]3091) 贵州省科学技术基金资助项目(黔科合LH字[2016]7477号)~~
【分类号】：R318.08

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