人工肩关节的模拟试验研究
发布时间：2018-11-05 07:27
【摘要】：肩关节在人们的日常生活有着极其重要的作用,是人体上肢最重要的摩擦副关节之一。然而,肩部疼痛和功能障碍在人群中的发生率较高,肩关节疾患也是常见的疾病,病情较重时只能通过肩关节置换以恢复功能。人工肩关节置换手术开展得较早,但发展较慢;肩关节置换术将成为21世纪最具发展潜力、潜在需求量最大的人工关节。因此,开展肩关节假体的摩擦磨损实验以评价肩关节配副材料的摩擦磨损特性,这对于制备性能优异的人工肩关节材料及促进肩关节置换术的发展具有重要的意义。本文以锻造CoCrMo合金、Ti6Al4V合金两种金属材料和生物医用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)材料组合成的人工关节摩擦副为研究基础,设计出肩关节假体的摩擦磨损试验方案。开展人工肩关节磨损对比试验,考察并比较不同人工肩关节配副的阶段与累计失重量、阶段与累计体积磨损量以及线性磨损率的大小及变化规律。利用Abaqus软件,建立简化的肩关节臼-肱骨头模型,获得了接触区域的应力分布。同时,进行Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE、CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的生物摩擦学性能测试,分析并比较两种金属材料在人工肩关节材料中的应用。与CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE关节窝阶段磨损体积分别在200万转和300万转达到最大值,其值分别是69.75 mm~3和87.51 mm~3,由此可预测CoCrMo和Ti6Al4V材料在植入肩部后最严重磨损时期分别是前2年和前3年。达到稳定阶段时,与CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE体积磨损量大约为53mm~3和76 mm~3。500万次结束后,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE的累计磨损体积约是CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的1.38倍。线性拟合后,与CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE的累计磨损体积与试验转数的方程斜率分别是56.150和77.456;从而为预测UHMWPE臼的使用寿命提供一种可用的方法。与CoCrMo和Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE臼的平均线性磨损率分别为0.1118 mm/MC和0.1310 mm/MC。简化模型的接触区域集中UHMWPE臼的中上部区域,应力集中分布在接触区域的中上部。在同等载荷作用下,与CoCrMo配副的UHMWPE臼的最大应力值较大,与UHMWPE臼配副的CoCrMo肱骨头的最大应力值较大。在干摩擦试验过程中,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE的摩擦系数高于同一时期的CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副。而在牛血清润滑试验过程中,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE配副的摩擦系数均低于同一时期的CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副。在两种不同的润滑条件下,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE配副的磨损率均高于CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的磨损率。
[Abstract]:Shoulder joint plays an extremely important role in people's daily life and is one of the most important friction joint of human upper limb. However the incidence of shoulder pain and dysfunction in the population is higher. Shoulder joint disease is also a common disease. Shoulder arthroplasty has been carried out earlier, but the development is slow, and shoulder arthroplasty will become the most potential and potential artificial joint in the 21st century. Therefore, the friction and wear experiments of shoulder joint prosthesis are carried out to evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of shoulder joint pair material, which is of great significance for the preparation of excellent artificial shoulder joint material and the development of shoulder arthroplasty. In this paper, the friction and wear test scheme of shoulder joint prosthesis is designed on the basis of forging CoCrMo alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy and biomedical ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (UHMWPE) material. The comparative test of artificial shoulder wear was carried out to investigate and compare the phase and accumulative weight loss, the wear volume and the linear wear rate of different artificial shoulder pairs. A simplified model of acetabular humerus head of shoulder joint was established by using Abaqus software, and the stress distribution in the contact area was obtained. At the same time, the biological tribological properties of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE,CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair were tested, and the application of two kinds of metal materials in artificial shoulder joint was analyzed and compared. The wear volume of the UHMWPE joint fossa matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair was conveyed to the maximum value at 2 million rpm and 3 million, respectively, and the values were 69.75 mm~3 and 87.51 mm~3, respectively. Therefore, it can be predicted that the most severe wear period of CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V after shoulder implantation is the first 2 years and the first 3 years, respectively. At the stable stage, the volume wear of UHMWPE with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair is about 1.38 times of that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair after the end of 53mm~3 and 76 mm~ 35000 times, and the cumulative wear volume of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is about 1.38 times that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair. After linear fitting, the cumulative wear volume of UHMWPE matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair and the equation slope of test number are 56.150 and 77.456, respectively, which provides a useful method for predicting the service life of UHMWPE. The average linear wear rates of UHMWPE acetabulum with CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V pairs were 0.1118 mm/MC and 0.1310 mm/MC., respectively. The contact area of the simplified model is concentrated in the middle and upper part of the UHMWPE and the stress concentration is distributed in the middle and upper part of the contact region. Under the same load, the maximum stress of UHMWPE with CoCrMo pair is larger than that of CoCrMo humeral head with UHMWPE pair. In dry friction test, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. In the test of bovine serum lubrication, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair was lower than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. Under two different lubrication conditions, the wear rate of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R318.17
本文编号：2311341
[Abstract]:Shoulder joint plays an extremely important role in people's daily life and is one of the most important friction joint of human upper limb. However the incidence of shoulder pain and dysfunction in the population is higher. Shoulder joint disease is also a common disease. Shoulder arthroplasty has been carried out earlier, but the development is slow, and shoulder arthroplasty will become the most potential and potential artificial joint in the 21st century. Therefore, the friction and wear experiments of shoulder joint prosthesis are carried out to evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of shoulder joint pair material, which is of great significance for the preparation of excellent artificial shoulder joint material and the development of shoulder arthroplasty. In this paper, the friction and wear test scheme of shoulder joint prosthesis is designed on the basis of forging CoCrMo alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy and biomedical ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (UHMWPE) material. The comparative test of artificial shoulder wear was carried out to investigate and compare the phase and accumulative weight loss, the wear volume and the linear wear rate of different artificial shoulder pairs. A simplified model of acetabular humerus head of shoulder joint was established by using Abaqus software, and the stress distribution in the contact area was obtained. At the same time, the biological tribological properties of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE,CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair were tested, and the application of two kinds of metal materials in artificial shoulder joint was analyzed and compared. The wear volume of the UHMWPE joint fossa matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair was conveyed to the maximum value at 2 million rpm and 3 million, respectively, and the values were 69.75 mm~3 and 87.51 mm~3, respectively. Therefore, it can be predicted that the most severe wear period of CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V after shoulder implantation is the first 2 years and the first 3 years, respectively. At the stable stage, the volume wear of UHMWPE with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair is about 1.38 times of that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair after the end of 53mm~3 and 76 mm~ 35000 times, and the cumulative wear volume of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is about 1.38 times that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair. After linear fitting, the cumulative wear volume of UHMWPE matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair and the equation slope of test number are 56.150 and 77.456, respectively, which provides a useful method for predicting the service life of UHMWPE. The average linear wear rates of UHMWPE acetabulum with CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V pairs were 0.1118 mm/MC and 0.1310 mm/MC., respectively. The contact area of the simplified model is concentrated in the middle and upper part of the UHMWPE and the stress concentration is distributed in the middle and upper part of the contact region. Under the same load, the maximum stress of UHMWPE with CoCrMo pair is larger than that of CoCrMo humeral head with UHMWPE pair. In dry friction test, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. In the test of bovine serum lubrication, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair was lower than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. Under two different lubrication conditions, the wear rate of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R318.17
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 刘丽;毛英杰;陈志红;;钛合金在不同pH值人工唾液中耐腐蚀性能的研究[J];中国生物医学工程学报;2006年02期
2 张亚平,高家诚,王勇;人工关节材料的研究与展望[J];世界科技研究与发展;2000年01期
，本文编号：2311341
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/swyx/2311341.html
