能谱CT的结构功能分析和全生命周期管理

发布时间：2018-12-07 20:22

【摘要】：随着医学工程技术的不断发展,医学装备的全生命周期管理工作越来越受到重视。广义上说医学装备的全生命周期包括从研发到临床实验一直到医院接收、使用、维护直到设备报废[1]。而作为医院的临床医学工程师,我们关心的是设备到医院之后从安装调试到日常运转管理再到故障维修工作如何进行。高档CT在大多数三级以上医院的应用已经较为普遍,但是由于医院相关人才引进相对滞后,对于设备的全生命周期内的管理存在较大的缺陷。工程技术人员对设备原理了解不够透彻,出现问题不能及时解决。个别医院存在安装设备的场地不合格、校准调试过程不认真、验收时不了解具体验收内容验收工作粗心大意不能严格遵照标准验收、设备的维护人员技术水平满足不了设备需求等情况。这些都影响到了设备的使用寿命并会引起故障频繁发生,使得医院的社会效益和经济效益都受到较大损失。同时,因为各种国家标准的制定远远落后于设备性能的发展速度,仅仅依靠国家标准来对设备进行验收已经无法真正达到验收设备性能指标的要求。为了防范在日常工作中出现以上提到的各种问题,本文主要进行了以下几个方面的工作:首先,能谱CT的发展入手,介绍能谱CT的基本数学原理和硬件功能的需求。其次,在介绍设备安装场地的准备、设备的安装过程的同时对所涉及到的设备重点位置的功能结构进行分析以利于了解设备的基本工作原理。第三,通过对设备验收校准过程中重要数据的列举和分析,介绍如何进行好设备的校准和验收工作。最后,在了解了设备原理的前提下,介绍一些常见故障的分析、判断和维修工作,达到学以致用的目的。
[Abstract]:With the development of medical engineering technology, more and more attention has been paid to the whole life cycle management of medical equipment. In a broad sense, the entire life cycle of medical equipment ranges from research and development to clinical trials to hospital acceptance, use, maintenance until equipment is scrapped [1]. As clinical medical engineers in hospitals, we are concerned about how equipment goes from installation and commissioning to daily operation management to fault maintenance. High-grade CT has been widely used in most tertiary hospitals, but because of the relative lag in the introduction of hospital related talents, there is a great defect in the management of the whole life cycle of equipment. Engineers do not have a thorough understanding of the principles of the equipment, and problems cannot be solved in time. In some hospitals, the site of installation equipment is not up to standard, the calibration and debugging process is not serious, and the acceptance work carelessly fails to strictly comply with the standard acceptance work when it does not understand the specific acceptance contents, Equipment maintenance personnel technical level can not meet the equipment requirements and so on. These all affect the service life of the equipment and cause frequent malfunctions, which make the social and economic benefits of the hospital suffer great losses. At the same time, because the formulation of various national standards lags far behind the development speed of equipment performance, only relying on national standards to check and accept equipment has been unable to truly meet the requirements of acceptance equipment performance index. In order to prevent the problems mentioned above in the daily work, this paper mainly carries out the following work: first, the development of the energy spectrum CT, introduces the basic mathematical principle of the energy spectrum CT and the requirement of the hardware function. Secondly, the preparation of the installation site and the installation process of the equipment are introduced. At the same time, the functional structure of the key position of the equipment involved is analyzed in order to understand the basic working principle of the equipment. Thirdly, through the enumeration and analysis of the important data in the process of equipment acceptance and calibration, how to carry out the calibration and acceptance of the equipment is introduced. Finally, on the premise of understanding the principle of the equipment, this paper introduces the analysis, judgment and maintenance of some common faults, so as to achieve the purpose of practical application.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.39

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