松质骨力—电特性分析

发布时间：2019-01-07 19:27

【摘要】：自然界存在着很多有着优良力学性能的生物复合材料，人体骨骼就是其中一种，骨骼通过优良的复合与构造,使其具有很高的强度、刚度以及韧性，在骨骼内部、端部广泛的分布着松质骨。松质骨具有骨小梁的微观结构，使得骨整体具有着良好的吸能特性。本文采用均匀化方法，对其中吸能特性良好的蜂窝模型进行均匀化处理，计算其模型的相关基本常数，了解其结构相应的性能。随着科学技术的发展，人们已经不满足材料的单纯轻质化，更加关注的是材料某几种优良性能的结合，本文所研究的多孔介质，六边形胞体结构可以承受轴向力、弯矩和剪力，可以作为用于复合材料层合板中，以吸能层作为单独一层存在，大大提高层合板的机械性能。本文对松质骨的压电特性进行了定量的研究。对松质骨细观模型进行简化，得到四种简化模型，确定相关参数和荷载波形对四种模型进行压电分析，采用数值方法对模型单胞的力电分析，对四个胞体模型在冲击波荷载作用下产生的位移、应力应变、电位、电场、电流密度，电位移场的变化进行相应探讨，，对冲击波治疗骨质疏松症得到相关的理论依据，并揭示其治疗机理。通过研究松质骨力—电性质可以明确应力波对骨质疏松症、骨不连及其他骨科疾病的治疗产生的积极作用。工程中使用的吸能元件一般是复合材料管，复合材料具有重量轻、强度高、刚度好、输送液体阻力小、清洁卫生、成本低等优点，广泛应用在城市给水、污水排放等工程。与模型三的结构具有相似性，本文模拟哈佛式管制备了一批玻璃纤维/聚酯树脂基体复合材料管件，研究其铺层方式、端部引发方式对管件吸能效果的影响，以及复合材料层合壳体结构压溃的过程和机理。实验采用冲击荷载，对该批次的圆柱壳进行冲击实验研究，发现铺层60°的管件的比吸能优于其他铺层结构，各种引发方式，无论是内、外倒角还是尖角型和圆角型，都能达到降低初始峰值的作用，对被保护物件起到很好的缓冲吸能作用，同时通过实验，对骨内“哈佛式”结构吸能特性，结构特点有更深一步的了解。
[Abstract]:There are many biomaterials with excellent mechanical properties in nature. Human bones are one of them. Bones are made of high strength, stiffness and toughness through excellent composition and structure. The cancellous bone is widely distributed at the end. The cancellous bone has the microstructure of trabeculae, which makes the whole bone have good energy absorption characteristics. In this paper, the homogenization method is used to homogenize the honeycomb model with good energy absorption characteristics, and the relative basic constants of its model are calculated, and the corresponding performance of its structure is understood. With the development of science and technology, people are not satisfied with the pure lightweight of materials, but pay more attention to the combination of some excellent properties of materials. The hexagonal cell body structure studied in this paper can withstand axial force, bending moment and shear force. It can be used in composite laminates and energy absorption layer as a single layer, which greatly improves the mechanical properties of laminates. The piezoelectric properties of cancellous bone were studied quantitatively in this paper. Four simplified models were obtained by simplifying the meso-model of cancellous bone. The piezoelectric analysis of the four models was carried out by determining the relevant parameters and load waveforms, and the electromechanical analysis of the unit cell of the model was carried out by numerical method. The changes of displacement, stress and strain, potential, electric field, electric current density and electric displacement field produced by four cell body models under shock wave loading were discussed, and the theoretical basis for shock wave treatment of osteoporosis was obtained. The therapeutic mechanism was revealed. The effect of stress wave on the treatment of osteoporosis, nonunion and other orthopaedic diseases can be determined by studying the mechanical and electrical properties of cancellous bone. The energy absorption elements used in engineering are generally composite pipes, which have the advantages of light weight, high strength, good stiffness, low resistance to conveying liquid, clean and sanitary, low cost, etc., which are widely used in urban water supply, sewage discharge and other projects. Similar to the structure of model 3, a batch of glass fiber / polyester resin matrix composite pipe fittings were prepared by simulating Harvard tube, and the effects of coating mode and end initiation mode on the energy absorption of pipe fittings were studied. And the process and mechanism of laminated shell structure collapse. The experimental results show that the specific energy absorption of the tube with 60 掳layer is better than that of other laminated structures, and all kinds of initiation methods, whether internal, external chamfer, sharp angle or circular angle, are used to study the impact test of this batch of cylindrical shells, and it is found that the specific energy absorption of the tube with 60 掳layer is superior to that of the other layers. Both of them can reduce the initial peak value and play a good role in buffering and absorbing energy of protected objects. At the same time, through experiments, we have a better understanding of the energy absorption characteristics and structural characteristics of the "Harvard" structure in bone.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.01

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