定穴体表标志定位与测量

发布时间：2019-01-12 10:26

【摘要】：针灸是中国传统医学的重要组成部分,已经有几千年的历史,而针灸取穴是进行针灸的第一步,也是关键步骤。发展至今,取穴方法多种多样,但是取穴的准确性基本都是依赖于医生的主观判断和个人经验。国标规定的取穴方法有三种:体表解剖标志定位法、骨度分寸定位法以及手指比量法。这三种方法使用时互有交叉。从这三种方法的使用方法来看,“寸”和体表标志的选择是取穴准备性的保证。要实现针灸取穴的双盲技术,就必须要确定这两个因素。但是特别是在解剖学中规定的体表标志的定位时,如何排除取穴定位中的个人因素带来的误差,准确实现体表标志的测量,至今仍然没有明确的方法。本文以人体定穴体表标志为测量对象,在传统中医关于体表标志定义的基础上,以脚部模型为例,结合了计算机视觉、图像处理和数学计算等现代技术,设计了一种用于实现人体体表标志的自动定位与测量的方法。本论文的主要工作如下: 1)设计了一个可以进行360°旋转的实验平台。利用高精度CMOS相机对脚部模型进行数据采集。 2)对采集得到的脚部模型图像进行图像的预处理,例如图像的位置校正、灰度图像转换和图像二值化。 3)对比了几种图像轮廓提取的方法,提出用具有生物特征优势的Gabor函数进行图像处理,并且设计了一种二维Gabor滤波器组用来提取脚部模型图像的轮廓特征。 4)利用边界链码对图像进行特征点的提取,利用图像之间的坐标系变换,得到内外踝点的图像坐标。 5)利用MATLAB GUI设计了一个人机界面,方便用户进行相关的处理。通过对脚部模型的拍摄和处理,利用光学设备和图像处理技术,实现脚部定穴体表标志的测量。这种方法为实现针灸取穴的双盲技术给出了前提准备,有利于针灸取穴的规范化、科学化、归一化。
[Abstract]:Acupuncture and moxibustion is an important part of Chinese traditional medicine, which has a history of thousands of years. Acupuncture and moxibustion is the first step and the key step of acupuncture and moxibustion. Up to now, there are a variety of methods, but the accuracy of acupoint selection depends on the doctor's subjective judgment and personal experience. There are three methods for collecting acupoints according to the national standard: body surface anatomic marker localization, bone degree scale localization and finger ratio method. The three methods intersect each other when used. From the use of these three methods, the selection of "inch" and body surface mark is the guarantee of the preparation. To realize the double blind technique of acupuncture and moxibustion, we must determine these two factors. However, there is still no clear method to eliminate the errors caused by individual factors in the positioning of acupoints, and to accurately measure the body surface marks, especially in the positioning of body surface markers specified in anatomy. Based on the definition of body surface mark in traditional Chinese medicine, and taking the foot model as an example, this paper combines modern techniques such as computer vision, image processing and mathematical calculation. A method for automatic positioning and measurement of body surface marks is designed. The main work of this thesis is as follows: 1) an experimental platform for 360 掳rotation is designed. The high precision CMOS camera is used to collect the data of the foot model. 2) preprocessing the acquired foot model image, such as image position correction, gray level image conversion and image binarization. 3) several image contour extraction methods are compared, and a biometric Gabor function is proposed to process the image, and a two-dimensional Gabor filter bank is designed to extract the contour features of the foot model image. 4) using boundary chain code to extract the feature points of the image, and using the coordinate transformation between the images, the image coordinates of the inner and lateral malleolus points are obtained. 5) a man-machine interface is designed with MATLAB GUI, which is convenient for users to deal with it. Through the shooting and processing of the foot model and the use of optical equipment and image processing technology, the measurement of foot fixed hole surface mark can be realized. This method provides the precondition for the realization of double blind technique of acupuncture and moxibustion, and is beneficial to the standardization, science and normalization of acupuncture and moxibustion.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TH789;R245

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