基于吸光度法的全自动血凝仪中光电检测系统的研究

发布时间：2019-02-26 11:51

【摘要】：随着现代医学对止血与血栓的形成机制认识的不断深入,发现止血和血栓的相关指标与许多疾病有着密切的联系,在临床检测中对止血与血栓有关的指标的检测项目逐步增多,这对血凝检测技术提出了更高的要求。因此,对全自动血凝检测技术的研究不仅符合现代医学检测技术正朝着智能化、自动化、模块化方向发展,更是有利于对许多疾病进行预防和治疗,这对我国医疗事业的发展有着重要意义。本文研究了一种基于STM32处理器模块化设计的全自动血凝检测仪。在对现有血凝仪的原理和检测方法进行了研究和分析的基础上,本文选择以朗伯比尔定律为检测原理的透射比浊法作为检测方法;针对该方法,对全自动血凝检测仪进行了模块化总体设计,由四大模块组成,分别为主控模块、自动进样模块、光电检测模块、辅助模块。主控模块通过CAN总线方式实现对其他模块的控制与协调;自动进样模块实现待测样品条码信息读取、待测样品的自动进样等功能;辅助模块包括电容式触摸屏、热敏打印机、SRAM、SD卡,完成数据显示、打印、存储等功能;光电检测系统是核心部件,用于检测血凝有关指标;本文对光电检测模块进行了详细设计,光电检测模块包括可发射固定波长的LED光源、硅光电二极管和放大器等;由于光电检测电路中存在着背景杂光和各种电子元件的噪声干扰,而光电信号较为微弱且电路中的放大器不仅放大光电信号也放大了噪声信号,本文研究了一种基于小波阈值方法的数字滤波算法,并通过实验对所研究的小波阈值数字滤波算法进行了验证,实验结果表明该方法能够有效滤除噪声干扰。本文设计的全自动血凝检测仪充分利用STM32处理器高性能、低成本、低功耗等优点,使分析仪具有自动化程度高、操作简单方便、人机交互好等优点。
[Abstract]:With the deepening understanding of the mechanism of hemostasis and thrombus formation in modern medicine, it is found that the related indexes of hemostasis and thrombus are closely related to many diseases, and the detection items of hemostatic and thrombus-related indexes are gradually increasing in clinical examination. This puts forward higher requirements for hemagglutination detection technology. Therefore, the research on automatic hemagglutination detection technology is not only in line with the development of modern medical detection technology towards intelligence, automation, modularization, but also beneficial to the prevention and treatment of many diseases. This is of great significance to the development of medical care in our country. In this paper, an automatic blood coagulation detector based on the modular design of STM32 processor is studied. Based on the research and analysis of the principle and detection method of the existing hemagglutination instrument, the transmission turbidimetry, which is based on Lambert's law, is chosen as the detection method in this paper. In view of this method, a modular overall design of automatic blood coagulation detector is carried out, which is composed of four modules: main control module, automatic sample injection module, photoelectric detection module and auxiliary module. The main control module realizes the control and coordination of other modules through the way of CAN bus, and the automatic sampling module realizes the reading of the bar code information of the sample to be tested, the automatic sampling of the sample to be tested, and so on. Auxiliary module includes capacitive touch screen, thermal printer, SRAM, SD card, data display, printing, storage and other functions, photoelectric detection system is the core component, used to detect blood coagulation related indicators; In this paper, the photoelectric detection module is designed in detail. The photoelectric detection module includes LED light source, silicon photodiode and amplifier, which can transmit fixed wavelength. Because of the noise interference of background stray light and various electronic components in the photoelectric detection circuit, the photoelectric signal is weak and the amplifier in the circuit not only amplifies the photoelectric signal but also amplifies the noise signal. This paper studies a digital filtering algorithm based on wavelet threshold method and validates the digital filtering algorithm based on wavelet threshold method. The experimental results show that this method can effectively filter the noise interference. The automatic hemagglutination detector designed in this paper makes full use of the advantages of STM32 processor, such as high performance, low cost and low power consumption, so that the analyzer has the advantages of high degree of automation, simple operation and good human-computer interaction.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R318.6

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