低温保护剂处理关节软骨的若干问题研究
发布时间：2019-05-11 09:34
【摘要】：关节软骨损伤是导致人类运动功能障碍的重要原因,异体关节软骨移植是一种有效的治疗手段。移植手术的广泛开展有赖于关节软骨库存的建立,以及成熟的关节软骨长期保存技术。近年来提出的液相线跟踪法(liquidus-tracking method,LTM)在玻璃化保存关节软骨方面取得了较好的效果,是一项很有应用前景的保存方法,对该方法内在机理的深入研究将有助于保存方案的完善以及保存效果的提高。本文全面综述了国内外关节软骨长期保存的历史和研究现状,以羊膝关节软骨为对象,以减少关节软骨在低温保护剂中的处理步数和处理时间为目标,从传热传质的角度对LTM中低温保护剂处理过程进行了理论和实验研究,开展了以下工作： 1)实验确定了关节软骨内需要载入的二甲亚砜最佳浓度。先采用差示扫描量热技术获得了不同浓度(43%(w/w)～50%(w/w))的二甲亚砜/CPTes2溶液的玻璃化临界冷却速率和避免反玻璃化临界升温速率,随后对4mL二甲亚砜/CPTes2溶液的冷却和升温速率进行了实验测量,根据上述两项实验确定可以采用47.5%(w/w)作为关节软骨样品内二甲亚砜的最终载入浓度。 2)实验研究了二甲亚砜对关节软骨的渗透性。提出采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法定量分析二甲亚砜的含量并进行了实验验证,随后应用此方法对宽温度范围(37℃～-30℃)内不同浓度(10%(w/w)～64.5%(w/w)二甲亚砜渗透关节软骨的过程进行了定量研究,获得了经历不同处理过程的关节软骨片内的二甲亚砜的含量。实验发现,渗透达平衡时软骨片内的二甲亚砜浓度约为外部处理溶液浓度的90%。 3)建立了新的描述二甲亚砜渗透关节软骨过程的理论模型。渗透模型可实现对二甲亚砜在关节软骨中的有效扩散系数进行直接计算,弥补了现有模型对实验数据依赖性大的不足。在本文的研究温度和浓度范围内,二甲亚砜在关节软骨内的渗透量的模型预测结果与实验结果吻合良好。 4)对关节软骨片的LTM保存方案进行了分析和优化。运用上述新的理论模型,结合软骨细胞膜的传质模型以及软骨细胞的生物物理特性,对现有LTM方案中的传质现象以及软骨细胞可能遭受的损伤进行了理论分析,并在此基础上提出了对阶梯式液相线跟踪法保存关节软骨片的方案进行改进的思路。按新思路提出的方案在总处理步数上可减少2步,总处理时间上可缩短35%。处理步数和处理时间的减少不仅可节省人力物力,而且在处理温度和处理浓度保持不变的情况下,处理时间的缩短将有助于降低软骨细胞遭受毒性损伤和寒冷损伤的风险。 5)提出了骨软骨栓的LTM保存方案。对于阶梯式和连续式LTM,骨软骨栓的预计处理时间分别为相同厚度软骨片的3.7倍和3.3倍。
[Abstract]:Articular cartilage injury is an important cause of human motor dysfunction. Allogenic articular cartilage transplantation is an effective treatment. The extensive development of transplantation depends on the establishment of articular cartilage inventory and the long-term preservation of mature articular cartilage. The liquid line tracking method (liquidus-tracking method,LTM) proposed in recent years has achieved good results in vitrification preservation of articular cartilage, and it is a promising preservation method. The further study of the internal mechanism of this method will be helpful to the improvement of the preservation scheme and the improvement of the preservation effect. In this paper, the history and research status of long-term preservation of articular cartilage at home and abroad are reviewed. The sheep knee cartilage is taken as the object, and the goal is to reduce the number of treatment steps and treatment time of articular cartilage in cryopreservation agent. From the point of view of heat and mass transfer, the treatment process of cryogenic protectant in LTM was studied theoretically and experimentally. the following work was carried out: 1) the optimum concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide needed to be loaded into articular cartilage was determined. Firstly, the critical cooling rate of vitrification and the critical heating rate of avoiding antivitrification of dimethyl sulfoxide / CPTes2 solution with different concentrations (43% (w 鈮，
本文编号：2474386
[Abstract]:Articular cartilage injury is an important cause of human motor dysfunction. Allogenic articular cartilage transplantation is an effective treatment. The extensive development of transplantation depends on the establishment of articular cartilage inventory and the long-term preservation of mature articular cartilage. The liquid line tracking method (liquidus-tracking method,LTM) proposed in recent years has achieved good results in vitrification preservation of articular cartilage, and it is a promising preservation method. The further study of the internal mechanism of this method will be helpful to the improvement of the preservation scheme and the improvement of the preservation effect. In this paper, the history and research status of long-term preservation of articular cartilage at home and abroad are reviewed. The sheep knee cartilage is taken as the object, and the goal is to reduce the number of treatment steps and treatment time of articular cartilage in cryopreservation agent. From the point of view of heat and mass transfer, the treatment process of cryogenic protectant in LTM was studied theoretically and experimentally. the following work was carried out: 1) the optimum concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide needed to be loaded into articular cartilage was determined. Firstly, the critical cooling rate of vitrification and the critical heating rate of avoiding antivitrification of dimethyl sulfoxide / CPTes2 solution with different concentrations (43% (w 鈮，
本文编号：2474386
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