不同仰卧姿势下人体压力分布特性的研究
发布时间：2019-07-09 07:33
【摘要】：随着老龄社会的加剧,与老龄人相关的疾病呈上升趋热,明显的特征就是卧床不起的患者越来越多,并且伴有自主活动和自理能力的丧失,经常会长时间保持同种仰卧姿势,这就容易产生压疮,而预防压疮最好方法是经常翻身,并且时间间隔不能超过2小时,然而对那些不易翻身的患者来说,又该如何预防压疮或者减少因翻身造成的次生危害呢?答案就是延长时间间隔,这就需要更为合理的人体压力分布,本文对不同仰卧姿势下人体压力分布进行对比分析,旨在探寻更为合理的人体压力分布。 本文利用多功能护理床改变仰卧姿势,实现不同的人体压力分布,利用XSENSOR压力分布测试及分析系统对不同仰卧姿势进行体压分布指标的测量与分析,进而对人体压力分布数值和仰卧姿势之间关系进行研究。在分析过程中,对XSENSOR压力分布测试系统采集到人体压力分布云图进行各区域的划分,通过EXCEL、MATLAB软件提取各区域的压力数值矩阵,计算出人体易发压疮的各个部位的最大压力、平均压力、接触面积、最大压力梯度和平均压梯度,并且根据人体毛细血管所能承受的最大闭合压力,将压力划分为高、中、低三个等级,用MATLAB提取高中低压区的面积,并计算高中低压区的面积百分比,各自的面积百分比用%Shp、%Smp、%Slp表示。 利用SPSS16.0对所有实验数据进行非参数K-S检验,显著性水平区0.05,经检验,概率P均大于0.05,符合正态分布,然后对不同仰卧姿势之间和不同性别之间分别进行T检验,检验不同仰卧姿势之间和不同性别之间是否存在显著性差异,进而探讨合理的仰卧姿势,并得出较为合理的仰卧姿势。 经检验分析,提出仰卧姿势为100-0°时人体压力分布较为合理,此时全身最大压力最小,足跟部最大压力最小,相对于仰卧姿势为0°-0°时肩胛部和头部最大压力有稍微的增加,臀部的最大压力变化不大,但此时臀部、头部、肩胛部的接触面积也有增加,这就降低了臀部、头部和肩胛部的平均压力,使得臀髋部、头部和肩胛部的压力分布也更加均匀。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of the aging society, the diseases related to the elderly are on the rise and hotter. The obvious characteristic is that more and more patients are bedridden, accompanied by the loss of autonomous activity and self-care ability, and often maintain the same supine position for a long time, which is easy to produce pressure sore, and the best way to prevent pressure sore is to turn over often, and the time interval should not exceed 2 hours, however, for those who are not easy to turn over, How to prevent pressure sore or reduce the secondary harm caused by turning over? The answer is to prolong the time interval, which requires a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the pressure distribution of human body under different supine posture is compared and analyzed in order to explore a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the multifunctional nursing bed was used to change the supine posture and realize different human pressure distribution. XSENSOR pressure distribution test and analysis system was used to measure and analyze the body pressure distribution index of different supine posture, and then the relationship between the value of human pressure distribution and supine posture was studied. In the process of analysis, the pressure distribution cloud map of human body was collected by XSENSOR pressure distribution test system to divide each region, and the pressure numerical matrix of each region was extracted by EXCEL,MATLAB software, and the maximum pressure, average pressure, contact area, maximum pressure gradient and average pressure gradient of each part of human body pressure sore were calculated, and the pressure was divided into high and middle according to the maximum closed pressure that human capillaries could bear. The area of high, middle and low pressure area is extracted by MATLAB, and the area percentage of high school low pressure area is calculated, and the area percentage of each area is expressed by% Shp,%Smp,%Slp. SPSS16.0 was used to test all the experimental data, and the significant level area was 0.05. The probability P was greater than 0.05, which was in accordance with the normal distribution. Then T test was carried out between different supine postures and different genders to test whether there were significant differences between different supine postures and different genders, and then the reasonable supine posture was discussed and a more reasonable supine posture was obtained. The test and analysis show that the pressure distribution of the human body is more reasonable when the supine posture is 100 掳0 掳. At this time, the maximum pressure of the whole body is the smallest and the maximum pressure of the heel is the smallest. Compared with the maximum pressure of the shoulder and head when the supine position is 0 掳- 0 掳, the maximum pressure of the buttocks does not change much, but the contact area of the buttocks, the head and the scapula also increases, which reduces the average pressure of the buttocks, the head and the scapula. The pressure distribution of buttocks and hips, head and scapula is also more uniform.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.01
本文编号：2511975
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of the aging society, the diseases related to the elderly are on the rise and hotter. The obvious characteristic is that more and more patients are bedridden, accompanied by the loss of autonomous activity and self-care ability, and often maintain the same supine position for a long time, which is easy to produce pressure sore, and the best way to prevent pressure sore is to turn over often, and the time interval should not exceed 2 hours, however, for those who are not easy to turn over, How to prevent pressure sore or reduce the secondary harm caused by turning over? The answer is to prolong the time interval, which requires a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the pressure distribution of human body under different supine posture is compared and analyzed in order to explore a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the multifunctional nursing bed was used to change the supine posture and realize different human pressure distribution. XSENSOR pressure distribution test and analysis system was used to measure and analyze the body pressure distribution index of different supine posture, and then the relationship between the value of human pressure distribution and supine posture was studied. In the process of analysis, the pressure distribution cloud map of human body was collected by XSENSOR pressure distribution test system to divide each region, and the pressure numerical matrix of each region was extracted by EXCEL,MATLAB software, and the maximum pressure, average pressure, contact area, maximum pressure gradient and average pressure gradient of each part of human body pressure sore were calculated, and the pressure was divided into high and middle according to the maximum closed pressure that human capillaries could bear. The area of high, middle and low pressure area is extracted by MATLAB, and the area percentage of high school low pressure area is calculated, and the area percentage of each area is expressed by% Shp,%Smp,%Slp. SPSS16.0 was used to test all the experimental data, and the significant level area was 0.05. The probability P was greater than 0.05, which was in accordance with the normal distribution. Then T test was carried out between different supine postures and different genders to test whether there were significant differences between different supine postures and different genders, and then the reasonable supine posture was discussed and a more reasonable supine posture was obtained. The test and analysis show that the pressure distribution of the human body is more reasonable when the supine posture is 100 掳0 掳. At this time, the maximum pressure of the whole body is the smallest and the maximum pressure of the heel is the smallest. Compared with the maximum pressure of the shoulder and head when the supine position is 0 掳- 0 掳, the maximum pressure of the buttocks does not change much, but the contact area of the buttocks, the head and the scapula also increases, which reduces the average pressure of the buttocks, the head and the scapula. The pressure distribution of buttocks and hips, head and scapula is also more uniform.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R318.01
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 庄燕子,蔡萍,周志锋,尹良勇;人体压力分布测量及其传感技术[J];传感技术学报;2005年02期
2 李伟;压疮护理新进展[J];护士进修杂志;2002年01期
3 何华英,杜峻,王素芳,黄百发,蔡秀容,王捷;压疮危险因素预测及预防护理研究进展[J];护士进修杂志;2005年09期
4 刘红;付晓悦;余晓晨;宋强;杨珊;;压疮危险因素评估及预防研究进展[J];中国护理管理;2007年02期
5 潘丽娟,田珍娣,华惠琦;褥疮的概念与临床护理研究[J];黑龙江护理杂志;2000年01期
6 谢鸿;蔡淑珍;何永莲;;应用活络油预防压疮的观察与护理[J];现代护理;2006年03期
7 陶新学,魏艳芳,陈黛琪,李玲,历春玲;多功能翻身固定带的研制与临床应用[J];护理学杂志;2005年01期
8 李凤琼,朱振东,周伯婴;负压排尿式防褥气垫的制作与应用[J];护理学杂志;2005年08期
9 金英爱;林召梅;原翠红;;盐酸山莨菪碱在预防敏感性皮肤压疮中的应用[J];护理学杂志;2006年12期
10 吴耀;陈晶;王莉;;压疮防治与护理的探讨[J];吉林医学信息;2009年Z1期
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 李莉;层状结构材料对弹簧床垫舒适性影响研究[D];南京林业大学;2009年
，本文编号：2511975
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/swyx/2511975.html
