西宁地区变应性鼻炎患病情况及其相关因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-22 08:06

本文关键词： 变应性鼻炎流行病学影响因素　出处：《青海大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：调查西宁城区变应性鼻炎的患病率，探讨变应性鼻炎的危险因素并为变应性人群的防治提供依据。方法：采取整群抽样的方法，以西宁地区城东区、城西区、湟中县、乐都县现有常住户口、无精神障碍的居民作为研究对象，根据问卷调查结果筛选变应性鼻炎可疑对象并进行专科检查予以确诊。应用SPSS17.0统计处理软件进行数据分析。结果：1．患病率：西宁地区变应性鼻炎现患率为17.9%，男性为18.2%，女性为17.5%,男女差别无统计学意义p0.05。其中以中-重度持续性和季节性AR为主。2.市区患病率高于郊区（20.4%与15.3%），经检验，差别有统计学意义。p0.05。3.年龄分布：45岁组最高为23.1%，65岁组最低为4.8%，经检验，差别有统计学意义p0.05。4.职业分布：不同职业患病率有显著性差异p0.01。其中工人、学生患病率较高，农民患病率较低。5.发病时间情况：发病较高的月份是8月、7月分别为17.1%、15.2%，12月份发病率最低为1.22%。6.民族分布情况：回族，藏族均低于汉族，差别有统计学意义，p0.01。7、AR伴鼻中隔偏曲的患者的患病率60.4%与非AR患者伴鼻中偏曲患病率13.8%相比较，，差别有统计学的意义p＜0.001。8.164例AR患者中有家族史及并发症的56人占34.15%。9.城乡相关因素比较中，城市中主要影响因素是环境因素（粉尘为21.1%、汽车尾气17.9%）,郊区中主要影响因素是花粉为26.0%，经检验,差别有统计学意义p0.05。10.变应性鼻炎的认知状况：在所有被调查人群中，听说过变应性鼻炎的占50.9％，认为变应性鼻炎就是感冒的为21.4％，认为变应性鼻炎能够被根治的16.8％。结论：西宁地区变应性鼻炎发病率成中等水平，变应性鼻炎的相关因素包括：年龄、季节、种族、遗传、家族史、花粉、粉尘接触及居住环境等。通过本研究初步了解西宁地区变应性鼻炎流行病现状，为本地区变应性鼻炎的防治提供流行病学资料。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis in Xining urban area and explore the risk factors of allergic rhinitis and provide evidence for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Methods: cluster sampling was used to study the residents of the east, west, Huangzhong and Ledu counties of Xining region. The suspected subjects of allergic rhinitis were screened according to the results of questionnaire and diagnosed by special examination. The data were analyzed by SPSS17.0 statistical processing software. Results: the prevalence rate of allergic rhinitis in Xining was 17.9%, 18.2% for males and 17.5% for females. There was no significant difference between males and females (p 0.05). The prevalence rate in urban areas was higher than that in suburbs (20.4% and 15.3%). The difference was statistically significant (p 0.05.3). The highest age distribution was 23.1and the lowest was 4.8in the 65-year-old group. The difference was statistically significant (p0.05.4. occupation distribution: there was significant difference in the prevalence rate between different occupations (p0.01. among them, the workers and the students had a higher prevalence rate). The incidence rate of farmers was lower .5.The time of onset: August was the month of high incidence, and the lowest incidence was 1.22.6.The incidence in July was 17.1and 15.20.The distribution of ethnic groups: Hui nationality, Tibetan nationality were lower than Han nationality, and the incidence was lower than that of Han nationality. The difference was statistically significant in the prevalence of nasal septum deviation in patients with AR (p 0.01.7) and non-AR patients (n = 60.4%) and in non-AR patients (n = 13.8%). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001.8.164). 56 patients with family history and complications accounted for 34.15.9. The main influencing factors in cities are environmental factors (dust is 21.1cm, automobile exhaust 17.9am), and the main influencing factors in suburbs are pollen 26.0. The difference is statistically significant (p0.05.10.) Cognitive status of allergic rhinitis: in all the people surveyed, 50.9% of them had heard of allergic rhinitis, and 21.4% of allergic rhinitis were found to be colds, and 16.8% of allergic rhinitis could be cured. Conclusion: the incidence of allergic rhinitis in Xining area is moderate. The related factors of allergic rhinitis include age, season, race, heredity, family history, pollen. Dust exposure and living environment. The present situation of allergic rhinitis epidemic in Xining area was preliminarily understood in order to provide epidemiological data for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in Xining area.
【学位授予单位】：青海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R765.21

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