地铁车厢内噪声对不同类型耳机佩带舒适音量的影响

发布时间：2018-04-29 05:35

本文选题：耳机 + 舒适音量　；参考：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2017年04期

【摘要】：目的探讨地铁车厢内噪声对不同类型耳机佩戴者使用音量的影响。方法以75例听力正常受试者为研究对象,每例对象分别佩戴入耳式、耳塞式、贴耳式和耳罩式耳机,在安静环境和北京地铁7号线车厢背景噪声(L_(Aeq),1s均值为80.3dB A)下听同一首音乐,选择舒适的音量档位,分析背景噪声、耳机类型对受试者耳机使用音量的影响。结果在地铁车厢噪声环境下,受试者使用入耳式、耳塞式、贴耳式和耳罩式耳机选择舒适音量时人耳处噪声值分别为76.6±4.7、84.3±5.0、82.3±4.2、80.8±4.2dB A,安静环境下分别为65.5±6.8、71.9±7.1、69.5±7.5、67.9±7.3dB A;从安静环境到地铁车厢噪声环境,受试者的舒适音量平均提高了10dB A以上。根据WHO噪声性聋的限值计算得到,不佩戴耳机每天暴露在上述地铁车厢背景噪声下不超过134mins,使用上述耳机时时长分别不超过315、54、85、120mins,可以避免噪声性听力损伤的发生。结论地铁车厢噪声和耳机类型对耳机使用者舒适音量的影响较大;在地铁车厢嘈杂环境中,使用隔声性能较好的入耳式耳机,尽管调高了耳机舒适音量,人耳处实际噪声暴露水平仍可能低于不使用耳机时车厢噪声水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of noise on the volume of different headset wearers. Methods Seventy-five subjects with normal hearing were studied. Each of them wore earphones, earplugs, earmuffs and earmuffs, and listened to the same music in a quiet environment and under the background noise of Beijing Metro Line 7 (80.3dB A). Select a comfortable volume slot and analyze the effect of background noise and earphone type on headphone volume. Results in the noise environment of subway cars, the subjects used ear type, ear plug type, The noise values of the human ear were 76.6 卤4.7U 84.3 卤5.0U 80.8 卤4.2dB A and 65.5 卤6.81.91.9 卤7.5N 67.9 卤7.3dB A, respectively. From the quiet environment to the noise environment of subway cars, the comfortable volume of the subjects increased above 10dB A on average. According to the limit value of WHO noise deafness, no headset is exposed to the background noise of the above mentioned subway cars for no more than 134 mins every day, and the length of the headphones is no longer than 315 54v 85120 mins, respectively. The noise-induced hearing loss can be avoided. Conclusion the noise and earphone types of subway cars have a great influence on the comfortable volume of headphones, and in the noisy environment of subway cars, the ear type earphones with better soundproof performance can be used, although the comfortable volume of headphones is increased. The actual noise exposure level in the ear may still be lower than the car noise level without headphones.
【作者单位】：北京市劳动保护科学研究所;
【基金】：北京市科学技术研究院青年骨干项目
【分类号】：R764

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