4～16岁儿童眼轴和角膜曲率的分布及相关因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 10:43

本文选题：眼轴 + 角膜曲率　；参考：《眼科》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的研究4~16岁儿童眼轴和角膜曲率的分布情况及其相关因素。设计横断面研究。研究对象北京市昌平区4~16岁儿童2826例,年龄(8.98±3.54)岁。方法对昌平区幼儿园,小学、初中、高中共10所学校进行整群抽样,对抽取的学校学生及家长进行问卷调查,内容包括学生基本信息、家庭基本信息、学生用眼情况,同时进行电脑验光、身高体重测量,以及Zeiss IOL Master相干光生物测量仪进行眼部生物学测量。对参数间的关联性采用单因素线性回归分析和多元逐步线性回归分析。主要指标眼轴,角膜曲率。结果 2826例学生的平均眼轴长度(23.22±1.20)mm,角膜曲率(43.33±1.40)D。男生眼轴长度(23.45±1.15mm)显著长于女生(23.00±1.21 mm)(P0.001),男生角膜曲率(43.01±1.35 D)显著小于女生(43.64±1.37 D)(P0.001)。眼轴长度随年龄增长而增加(P0.001),角膜曲率基本保持稳定,随年龄变化不大(P=0.201)。较长的眼轴与较大的年龄(P0.001)、男性(P0.001)、较小的角膜曲率(P0.001)、较深的前房(P0.001)、较大的近视度数(P0.001)相关。较大的角膜曲率值与女性(P0.001)、较短的眼轴(P0.001)、较深的前房(P0.001)、较小的角膜白到白(P0.001)、较大的近视度数(P0.001)、父亲无近视(P=0.029)、较少的看电视时间(P0.001)相关。结论年龄越大、男性、角膜曲率越小、前房越深、近视度数越大者眼轴越长。女性、眼轴越短、前房深度越深、角膜白到白越小、近视度数越大、父亲无近视、看电视越少者角膜曲率值越大。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the distribution and related factors of ocular axis and corneal curvature in children aged 4 ~ 16 years. Design cross section research. Participants 2826 children aged 8. 98 卤3. 54 years old aged from 4 to 16 years old in Changping District, Beijing. Methods A cluster sampling was conducted in 10 schools in Changping district, including kindergarten, primary school, junior middle school and senior high school. The students and their parents were investigated by questionnaire, including basic information of students, basic information of family, and students' eye use. At the same time, computer optometry, height and weight measurement, and Zeiss IOL Master coherent photobiometer were used to measure ocular biology. Single factor linear regression analysis and multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between parameters. Main outcome measures: eye axis, corneal curvature. Results the mean axial length and corneal curvature of 2826 students were 23.22 卤1.20mm and 43.33 卤1.40D, respectively. The length of eye axis in boys (23.45 卤1.15mm) was significantly longer than that in girls (23.00 卤1.21mm), and the corneal curvature in boys (43.01 卤1.35D) was significantly lower than that in girls (43.64 卤1.37D). The length of eye axis increased with age (P 0.001) and the corneal curvature remained stable. The longer eye axis was associated with the older age (P 0.001), the male (P 0.001), the lower corneal curvature (P 0.001), the deeper anterior chamber (P 0.001), and the greater myopia (P 0.001). The larger corneal curvature was correlated with the female's P 0.001, the shorter eye axis P 0.001, the deeper anterior chamber P 0.001, the smaller white to white cornea P 0.001, the larger myopia P 0.001, the father without myopia P0. 029, and the TV viewing time less P0.001). Conclusion the older the age, the smaller the corneal curvature, the deeper the anterior chamber and the longer the eye axis. In women, the shorter the axis of the eye, the deeper the anterior chamber, the smaller the white to white cornea, the greater the myopia degree, the greater the curvature of the cornea if the father does not have myopia.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室;
【基金】：公益性行业科研专项(201302015)
【分类号】：R778.11

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