变压器噪声对SD大鼠听力学、行为学及神经生理的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:32

本文选题：变压器噪声 + SD大鼠　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:探讨短时程(8 weeks)内变压器噪声暴露对SD大鼠听力与应激、血生化与免疫、行为学及神经生理的影响。方法:以旷场行为学实验(Open Field Behavior Test,OFBT)得分为标准,选择行为学指标得分相近的,耳廓反射灵敏的健康6周龄SD大鼠90只,雌雄各半,体重在120～180 g之间。动物随机分为A、B、C三组,每组30只,雌雄各半。A、B组给予调制的录制变压器噪声暴露,刺激声强度分别为65 dB SPL(A组)及60dBSPL(B组),C组在同等条件下饲养,不给予噪声刺激。噪声暴露期间,通过对实验动物的定时连续称重分析变压器噪声对实验动物体重的影响。噪声暴露前及结束后,通过耳声发射检测、听性脑干反应检测、耳蜗基底膜铺片观察及外毛细胞计数评估SD大鼠听力学状况。通过ELISA定量检测实验动物血液中的生长激素(HGH)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、血清皮质醇(CORT)含量。噪声暴露结束后实验动物立即心脏取血并处死进行以下研究:通过血液生化检测评估实验动物电解质、肝功能、肾功能等方面的变化;通过ELISA法定量检测实验动物血清免疫球蛋白、白细胞介素1、2及IgE的含量变化。噪声暴露期间通过鼠尾悬吊试验及旷场行为学试验对实验动物进行行为学评估。噪声暴露结束后通过高效液相色谱质谱联用检测法对实验动物脑神经递质进行定量研究分析:GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)、Glu(谷氨酸)、5-HT(5-羟色胺)、DA(多巴胺)。通过透射电镜观察大鼠海马组织细胞核及突触形态的变化。结果:在变压器噪声暴露的8周内,各组大鼠生长状况良好,体重均呈正常生理性增长,组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);在变压器噪声暴露8周后,对A、B、C三组大鼠的听力学指标进行两两比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);生长激素(GH)各组均未测出,促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、血清皮质醇(CORT)的含量进行三组间比较,组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。对大鼠血清中电解质、肝肾功能的生化指标进行组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);三组标本白细胞介素1(IL-1)及免疫球蛋白IgE未测出,血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA及白细胞介素2(IL-2)两两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在三组SD大鼠的海马区Glu、GABA、DA、5-HT含量上,组间定量比较差异无显著性意义(P0.05);透射电镜下观察到各噪声暴露组大鼠神经元细胞核形态、神经突触形态均与对照组之间无明显差异。结论:连续暴露于声压级上限65 dB SPL/60 dB SPL、频谱范围为100～800 Hz的变压器噪声下8周(10小时/天)对SD大鼠听力无明显影响,同时也未引发SD大鼠应激状态。噪声暴露的SD大鼠电解质稳态与对照组保持一致,且其肝肾功能及免疫功能均无明显改变。实验大鼠未出现明显行为学异常,其神经生理方面未产生明显变化。
[Abstract]:Aim: to investigate the effects of transformer noise exposure on hearing and stress, blood biochemistry and immunity, behavior and neurophysiology in SD rats. Methods: according to the standard of Open Field Behavior Test (OFBT), 90 healthy 6-week-old SD rats with similar behavioral score and sensitive auricle reflex were selected, half female and half male, weighing 120,180g. The animals were randomly divided into three groups: 30 rats in each group. Each group was exposed to modulated recording transformer noise (65 dB SPL(A) and 60dBSPL(B group C was fed under the same conditions without noise stimulation. During noise exposure, the influence of transformer noise on the body weight of experimental animals was analyzed by means of timing and continuous weighing of experimental animals. Before and after noise exposure, auditory brainstem response (ABR), cochlear basement membrane (BMS) and outer hair cell count were measured to evaluate the audiological status of SD rats. The levels of growth hormone (HGH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and serum cortisol (Cort) in blood of experimental animals were measured by ELISA. Immediately after the noise exposure, the experimental animals were taken from the heart and killed to carry out the following research: the changes of electrolyte, liver function and renal function were evaluated by blood biochemical test; The levels of serum immunoglobulin, interleukin 1 (IL 1) 2 and IgE were measured by ELISA assay. Animal behavior was evaluated by tail suspension test and open field behavior test during noise exposure. After noise exposure, the brain neurotransmitters of experimental animals were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC / MS). The morphologic changes of nucleus and synapse in rat hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: within 8 weeks of noise exposure of transformer, the rats in each group were in good growth condition, their body weight was normal physiologic increase, there was no significant difference between the groups (P 0.05), and after 8 weeks of exposure to transformer noise, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The audiological indexes of the three groups were compared. There was no significant difference between the three groups (P0.05, GH). The contents of ACTH and Cort were compared among the three groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P 0.05). The biochemical indexes of serum electrolytes and liver and kidney function in rats were compared with each other. There was no significant difference between the three groups (P 0.05), and the levels of IL-1 and immunoglobulin IgE were not detected in the three groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups in serum immunoglobulin IgG titer IgA and interleukin 2 (IL 2). There was no significant difference in the content of GABA ADA 5-HT between the three groups in the hippocampal area of SD rats, but there was no significant difference in the morphology of neurons and synaptic morphology between the noise exposure group and the control group under transmission electron microscope. Conclusion: continuous exposure to the upper limit of sound pressure 65 dB SPL/60 dB SPLL with a frequency spectrum of 100,800 Hz for 8 weeks and 10 hours per day has no significant effect on the hearing of SD rats, nor does it induce stress in SD rats. The electrolyte homeostasis of noise exposed SD rats was consistent with that of the control group, and the liver and kidney function and immune function of SD rats were not changed significantly. There were no obvious behavioral abnormalities and no obvious changes in neurophysiology in experimental rats.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R764

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