激光黄斑区损伤的临床特征及病因分析

发布时间：2018-06-08 05:44

本文选题：激光 + 黄斑损伤　；参考：《眼科》2017年03期

【摘要】：目的分析激光所致黄斑损伤的眼底改变特点及病因。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象2009年4月至2015年12月北京同仁医院就诊的因激光照射致眼部不适患者19例(22眼)。方法所有患者均询问病史,行眼部常规检查、眼底照相及相干光断层扫描(OCT)检查。主要指标黄斑区形态学改变、激光损伤原因。结果眼底及OCT表现黄斑区视网膜色素上皮(RPE)层粗糙、椭圆体带断裂不连续(13眼,59.1%),黄斑全层裂孔伴周围视网膜水肿(5眼,22.7%),黄斑水肿、视网膜内层出血(3眼,13.6%),黄斑区视网膜神经上皮层局限性浆液性浅脱离(1眼,4.5%)。损伤原因包括:缺乏监管所致伤害(8例,42.1%)、对激光损伤的无知(8例,42.1%)和操作不当所致伤害(3例,15.8%)。结论激光所致黄斑损伤的眼底表现多样,其中最主要的损伤类型为黄斑区视网膜外层损伤。对公众加强激光眼损伤的科普教育是避免激光所致黄斑损伤的关键。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the characteristics and etiology of ocular fundus changes caused by laser induced macular injury. A retrospective case series was designed. 19 patients (22 eyes) with eye discomfort caused by laser irradiation in Beijing Tongren Hospital from April 2009 to December 2015 were studied. Methods all patients were asked about the history of the disease, routine eye examination, fundus photography and coherent optical tomography. OCT examination. Main indexes of macular area morphological changes, cause of laser injury. Results fundus and OCT showed macular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer rough, elliptical band fracture discontinuous (13 eyes, 59.1%), macular hole with peripheral retinal edema (5 eyes, 22.7%), macular edema, retinal inner hemorrhage (3 eyes, 13.6%), macular area optic network Localized serous detachment (1 eyes, 4.5%) in the superior cortex of the membrane neurocortex. The injury causes include: lack of regulatory injury (8 cases, 42.1%), ignorance of laser injury (8 cases, 42.1%) and improper operation injury (3 cases, 15.8%). Conclusion the ocular fundus manifestations of macular injury caused by laser are varied, and the most important type of injury is the outer retina of macular area. Damage to the public is the key to avoiding laser induced macular damage.
【作者单位】：首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京同仁眼科中心眼科学与视觉科学北京市重点实验室;
【分类号】：R774.5

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