湖南汉族成年人鼻与面型的测量学研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 06:51

本文选题：鼻孔分类 + 鼻尖分类　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：按鼻尖、鼻孔形态进行分类[1],对湖南汉族成年人外鼻软组织进行测量,了解湖南汉族成年人外鼻形态特征与鼻尖、鼻孔分类的关系,为唇腭裂鼻畸形整复术、鼻整形术等提供客观的参考数据。材料和方法：选取湖南地区正常成年汉族人193人(男98,女95)。以邵象清的《人体测量手册》[1]为基础,选择8个测量标记点(鼻根点、鼻尖点、鼻翼点、鼻下点、鼻小柱最高点、内眦点、左右颧点、颏下点)和11个测量项目(鼻长、鼻高、鼻宽、鼻深、鼻小柱高度、内眦间距、面宽、形态面高、鼻唇角、鼻额角、鼻尖角)进行测量,根据测量项目的值得到5个比例指数：鼻指数、鼻深指数、鼻小柱高度—鼻深指数、鼻宽—内眦间距指数、形态面指数。按鼻孔及鼻尖形态将被测量对象分别分为3组,比较各组间测量值的差异,以探索鼻与面部所测量结构特点之间的相互关系。结果：1.以性别分组对各测量值的分析结果：鼻唇角和鼻额角是女性大于男性,其余测量值均为男性大于女性。其中,鼻长、鼻宽、鼻小柱高度、形态面高、鼻指数、鼻深指数、鼻宽—内眦间距指数、形态面指数的差异具有统计学意义(P0.01),鼻高、鼻深、内眦间距、面宽、鼻唇角、鼻额角、鼻尖角、鼻小柱高度—鼻深指数的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。 2.以鼻尖形态分组对各测量值的分析结果：本次测量无尖小型鼻尖,中间型鼻尖92例(男38,女54)钝圆型鼻尖101例(男60,女41)。鼻深、内眦间距、鼻唇角、鼻额角、鼻唇角、鼻尖角、鼻深指数是中间型大于钝圆形,其余指数的测量值均为钝圆形大于中间型,其中鼻宽、形态面高、鼻宽—内眦间距指数的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),鼻长、鼻高、鼻深、鼻小柱高度、内眦间距、面宽、鼻唇角、鼻额角、鼻尖角、鼻指数、鼻深指数、鼻小柱高度—鼻深指数、形态面指数的差异无统计学意义(P0.05) 3.以鼻孔形状分组对各测量值的分析结果：方圆形鼻孔52例(男25,女27),圆三角形鼻孔23例(男11,女12),椭圆形鼻孔118例(男62,女56),各个鼻孔形态的测量项目之间有差异,但差异均无统计学意义。 4.鼻型及面型测量：鼻型：超狭鼻型5(均为女性)人,狭鼻型127(男49,女78)人,中鼻型60(男48,女12)人,阔鼻型(男性)1人。面型：超阔面型57(男2,女55)人,阔面型37(男11,女26)人,中面型29(男10,女11)人,狭面型28(男24,女4)人,超狭面型42(均为男性)人。结论：1.湖南地区男性鼻型以狭鼻型和中鼻型为主,女性以狭鼻型为主；在面型上,男性面型偏向“狭”,女性面型偏向“阔”。2.不同鼻尖形态的人鼻型均以狭鼻型为主,中间型鼻尖的人面型偏向“阔”,而钝圆型鼻尖的人面型无明显偏向；3.不同鼻孔形状的人的鼻型与面型无特定的趋向性；4.本次调查结果一定程度上丰富了湖南地区汉族成年人的鼻与面型的测量数据库,能为鼻畸形整复术的设计和术后效果的评价及其他类似研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the relationship between the morphological characteristics of external nose and the classification of nostril and nostril in the adults of Han nationality in Hunan province by the classification of nostril and nostril [1], and to investigate the relationship between the morphological characteristics of external nose and the classification of nostril and nostril in adults of Han nationality in Hunan. Materials and methods: 193 normal adult Han people (98 males, 95females) were selected from Hunan province. Based on Shao Xiangqing's Manual of anthropometry [1], 8 measurement markers (nasal root point, nasal tip point, nasal alar point, subnasal point, the highest point of nasal column, inner canthus point, left and right zygomatic point, submental point) and 11 measurement items (nasal length, nasal height) were selected. The width of the nose, the depth of the nose, the height of the column, the distance between the inner canthus, the width of the face, the height of the shape, the angle of the lip of the nose, the frontal angle of the nose and the angle of the tip of the nose) were measured. Nasal column height-nasal depth index, nasal width-medial canthus distance index, morphological index. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the nostril and nose tip morphology. The differences of the measured values were compared in order to explore the relationship between the structural characteristics measured by nose and face. The results were as follows: the nasolabial angle and nasal frontal angle were larger in female than in male, and the other measured values were greater in male than in female. Among them, nasal length, nasal width, height of nasal column, height of facial shape, nasal index, nasal depth index, distance index between nasal width and inner canthus, morphological surface index had statistical significance (P 0.01), nasal height, nasal depth, inner canthus distance, face width, nasal lip angle, nasal frontal horn, There was no significant difference in nasal tip angle, nasal column height and nasal depth index (P 0.05). The results were as follows: there were 92 cases (38 males, 54 females) with middle nasal tip (male 38, female 54) with blunt round nasal tip (male 60, female 41). The distance between nasal depth, inner canthus, nasal lip angle, nose frontal angle, nose lip angle, nose tip angle and nasal depth index were larger than obtuse circle, and the other indexes were obtuse circle larger than middle type, in which the nasal width and shape were high. The difference of the distance between nasal width and inner canthus was statistically significant (P 0.05), nasal length, nasal height, nasal depth, nasal column height, medial canthus spacing, facial width, nasal lip angle, nasal frontal angle, nasal tip angle, nasal index, nasal depth index, nasal column height and nasal depth index. The difference of morphological surface index was not statistically significant (P 0.05) 3. According to the nostril shape, 52 cases of square round nostril (male 25, female 27), round triangle nostril 23 cases (male 11, female 12), elliptical nostril 118 cases (male 62, female 56), there were differences among the measuring items of each nostril shape. But the difference is not statistically significant. 4. 4. Measurement of nasal and facial types: nasal type: ultra narrow nasal type 5 (all female), narrow nose type 127 (male 49, female 78), middle nasal type 60 (male 48, female 12), broad nose type (male 1). Facial type: Super wide facial type 57 (male 2, female 55), wide face 37 (male 11, female 26), medium type 29 (male 10, female 11), narrow type 28 (male 24, female 4), ultra narrow type 42 (male). In Hunan area, the male nasal type is mainly narrow nose type and middle nose type, female is narrow nose type, in the facial type, the male face type is "narrow" and the female face type is "wide" .2. The human nose type of different nose tip is mainly narrow nose type, the middle nose tip human face type is inclined to "wide", while the blunt round nose tip human face type has no obvious deviation. People with different nostrils have no specific tendency to form their nose and face. The results of this investigation have enriched the database of nasal and facial shape of Han nationality adults in Hunan to some extent. It can be used as a reference for the design of rhinoplasty, the evaluation of postoperative effect and other similar studies.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R765.9;R622

【参考文献】