云南省墨江县中小学生视力不良流行病学研究
发布时间:2018-06-21 10:23
本文选题:中小学生 + 视力不良 ; 参考:《昆明医科大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:[目的]通过流行病学研究了解云南省墨江县中小学生视力不良的患病率、主要病因和影响因素。补充中国农村地区特别是西南部多民族地区学生视力不良患病率的情况。为制定更合理的学生预防视力不良策略和措施提供有力依据。[方法]以墨江县内十所学校的小学一年级和初中七年级共4778名学生为研究对象,检查内容包括视力、眼压测量、眼前节检查、散瞳前后电脑验光、主观验光、眼底检查、眼底照相、lenstar的检查,及身高体重等,问卷内容包括学习压力,学习成绩,每次学习时间和放学后学习时间,使用电脑的情况,饮食情况和父母是否有近视史等情况,并对各数据进行统计学分析。视力不良定义为裸眼远视力小于等于0. 5。[结果]墨江县中小学生视力不良在一年级和七年级的患病率分别为2.38%,和2056%。在一年级学生中,视力不良患病率在双眼中视力较好一侧和较差一侧分别为0. 74% (0. 44,1.17)和2. 30% (1. 74, 2. 98),无论是上述哪一侧,在性别和民族之间均未见显著差异;在七年级学生中,视力不良发病率在双眼中视力较好一侧和较差一侧分别为12.23% ( 10. 93,13. 63 )和18.12%(16.58,19.74),无论是上述哪一侧,发病率女生均多于男生,同时民族之间也均存在差异,其中以汉族最多。在所有学生中,视力不良的首位病因是近视(约27.20%)。七年级学生中学习时间(在校和放学后)、接触电脑等视频时间、不良用眼方式、学习成绩、学习紧张程度和父母双方一方存在近视均是视力不良的影响因素。[结论]云南省墨江县十所学校一年级和七年级两个视力不良患病率低于中国其他地区该病的患病率。未矫正的屈光不正是视力不良的主要原因,其中近视较多,其次是弱视。七年级学生中视力不良的影响因素包括包括学习压力、学习成绩、学习时间,不良的用眼习惯,饮食因素,遗传因素。本次研究结果将为政府和相关部门对中小学生视力不良相关措施的制定提供依据。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the prevalence, main etiology and influencing factors of visual impairment among primary and middle school students in Mojiang County, Yunnan Province. To supplement the prevalence of vision impairment in rural areas, especially in the southwestern multi-ethnic areas. To provide effective basis for formulating more reasonable strategies and measures to prevent poor eyesight. [methods] A total of 4778 students in grade 1 and grade 7 of 10 primary schools in Mojiang County were studied. The contents of the examination included visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, anterior and posterior mydriasis examination, computer optometry, subjective optometry and fundus examination. Examination of fundus photography, height and weight, and so on. The contents of the questionnaire included learning stress, academic achievement, time for each study and after school, computer use, diet and whether parents had a history of nearsightedness, etc. The data were analyzed statistically. Poor vision is defined as uncorrected far vision less than or equal to 0. 5. [results] the prevalence of visual impairment in grade 1 and grade 7 were 2.38 and 2056 respectively. In the first grade students, the prevalence of visual impairment in the eyes of the better side and the worse side were 0. 5%. 74%. 44-1.17) and 2.00. 30%. 74, 2. There was no significant difference in gender and nationality between the two sides, and the incidence of poor vision was 12.23% (10. 23%) on the better side of the eyes and 10. 3% on the poor side of the eyes in grade 7. 93,13. 63) and 18.12% ~ 16.58% ~ 19.74%, no matter which side mentioned above, the incidence rate of female students is higher than that of boys, and there are also differences among nationalities, of which Han nationality is the most. Of all students, myopia is the leading cause of poor vision (about 27.20%). The influencing factors of visual acuity were the learning time of seventh grade students (such as video time in school and after school, contact with computer and so on), bad use of eyes, academic achievement, degree of learning tension and the existence of myopia in both parents. [conclusion] the prevalence of vision impairment in the first grade and seventh grade of ten schools in Mojiang County, Yunnan Province is lower than that in other regions of China. Uncorrected refraction is not the main cause of poor vision, myopia is more, followed by amblyopia. The influencing factors of poor eyesight in seventh grade students include learning stress, academic achievement, study time, bad eye habits, dietary factors and genetic factors. The results of this study will provide the basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate measures for primary and secondary school students with poor eyesight.
【学位授予单位】:昆明医科大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:R778
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