原发性青光眼合并近视患者的RNFL厚度变化规律及相关性研究
发布时间:2018-07-10 00:58
本文选题:原发性青光眼 + 近视 ; 参考:《大连医科大学》2012年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的:原发性青光眼(primary glaucoma, PG)是一种严重的不可逆转的致盲性眼病,其病理损害的基础是神经节细胞的损害及视神经纤维的丢失,即表现为视网膜神经纤维层厚度(retinal nerve fiber layer thickness RNFLT)的改变。目前已证实对视网膜神经纤维层厚度的测量比视野检测更能早期诊断原发性青光眼,但由于一些伴发疾病的干扰,往往使得青光眼的早期诊断受到较大影响,,延误了青光眼的早期发现。近视(myopia)特别是高度近视作为原发性青光眼发病的危险因素,也是早期诊断的重要干扰因素。原发性青光眼及近视均可表现为视网膜神经纤维层的变薄,原发性青光眼合并近视患者的眼底检查结果有其自身特点,但由于目前近视性屈光不正对视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度测量结果的影响还尚不清楚,致使根据此项检查结果来鉴别青光眼的假阳性率增高而大大降低了诊断的特异性,这也给青光眼早期的准确诊断增加了难度。本研究应用高清晰光学相干断层扫描仪(high-definition optical coherence tomography HD-OCT)定量测量原发性青光眼合并近视患者的视盘周围RNFL厚度,并探讨原发性青光眼与不同程度近视患者视盘周围RNFL厚度的变化规律及相关性,为早期诊断原发性青光眼提供可靠的临床依据。 方法:收集于大连医科大学附属第二医院眼科就诊的符合纳入标准的原发性青光眼患者(G组),以视野检查结果中平均缺损(mean defect MD)的程度,分为早中期青光眼组(G_1组)和晚期青光眼组(G2组);收集同一时期不同屈光度的符合纳入标准的自愿受检者,设为对照组(M组)。再将G_1组、G_2组和M组按照屈光程度分为正视组(M0)、轻度近视组(M_1)、中度近视组(M_2)、高度近视(M_3)。所有入组人员均接受眼科常规检查及HD-OCT检测视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度,原发性青光眼患者同时检查视野。应用SPSS17.0软件对所获得数据进行统计学分析。 结果:1.收集2010年11月-2011年12月于大连医科大学附属第二医院眼科就诊的原发性青光眼(G组)患者共计95例(161眼),其中G_1组60例(113眼),G_2组35例(48眼)。收集同一时期不同屈光度的自愿受检者为对照组(M组)共计79例(138眼)。 2.原发性青光眼患者随着病程的进展,视野MD程度加重,晚期较早中期患者RNFL厚度明显变薄;近视患者随着近视屈光度的增加,RNFL厚度逐渐变薄; 3.M组中M_1、M_2、M_3较M0者RNFL厚度薄,并于2:00-7:00位、鼻侧位、下方位及平均厚度的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);G1组中M_1、M_2、M_3患者较M0患者RNFL厚度薄,并于2:00位、5:00-10:00位、下方位、颞侧位及平均厚度的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);G2组中M1、M2、M3患者较M0患者RNFL厚度薄,并于1:00位、6:00位、9:00位、12:00位、上方位及下方位的厚度的差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。 4.经Pearson相关性分析可知对照组平均RNFL厚度与年龄呈负相关,与屈光度呈负相关;原发性青光眼组平均RNFL厚度与视野平均缺损值呈正相关。 5.采用多元线性回归分析对照组平均RNFL厚度(Y)与年龄(X_1),屈光度(X_2)的关联性,得到回归方程Y=117.983-0.349X_1-1.774X_2;分析原发性青光眼组平均RNFL厚度(Y)与年龄(X_1)、屈光度(X_2)及视野MD (X3_)的关联性,得到回归方程Y=104.379-0.146X_1-1.761X_2+1.228X_3。 结论:1.原发性青光眼患者随着病程的进展及视野平均缺损的加重,视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度逐渐变薄,早中期改变主要表现在下方及颞侧范围,晚期则表现为普遍变薄。 2.近视眼患者随着近视程度的增加,视盘周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度逐渐变薄,主要表现在鼻侧及下方范围。 3.原发性青光眼患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度与屈光状态及视野损害的程度密切相关,并且具有一定的变化规律,当轻、中度近视患者出现颞侧视网膜神经纤维层厚度变薄时,应注意潜在早期青光眼的可能。
[Abstract]:Objective : Primary glaucoma ( PG ) is a serious irreversible blindness , which is based on the damage of ganglion cells and the loss of optic nerve fiber .
Methods : The degree of mean defect MD ( mean defect MD ) was divided into early stage glaucoma group ( G _ 1 group ) and advanced glaucoma group ( G2 group ) .
Group G _ 1 , G _ 2 and M were divided into two groups : positive - view group ( M0 ) , mild myopia group ( M _ 1 ) , moderate myopia group ( M _ 2 ) and high myopia ( M _ 3 ) .
Results : 1 . A total of 95 ( 161 eyes ) of patients with primary glaucoma ( group G ) were collected from November 2010 to December 2011 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University . Among them , 60 cases ( 113 eyes ) and 35 cases ( 48 eyes ) of G _ 2 group were collected .
2 . In patients with primary glaucoma , with the progression of course , the degree of visual field MD was increased , and the thickness of RNFL in patients with primary glaucoma was significantly thinner than that in early stage .
With the increase of myopic diopter , the thickness of RNFL became thinner .
3 . The RNFL thickness of M _ 1 , M _ 2 , M _ 3 in M group was thinner than that in M _ 1 , M _ 2 and M _ 3 , and the difference between the nasal lateral position , the lower orientation and the mean thickness was significant ( P0.05 ) .
The RNFL thickness of M _ 1 , M _ 2 , M _ 3 in G1 group was thinner than that in M0 patients , and the difference of the mean thickness was significant ( P0.05 ) at 2 : 00 , 5 : 00 - 10 : 00 .
The RNFL thickness of M1 , M2 and M3 patients in G2 group was thinner than that of M0 patients , and the difference of thickness between 1 鈭
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