环境污染与眼表疾病的关系研究进展

发布时间：2018-07-23 21:16

【摘要】：目前环境污染主要指大气污染、室内污染、光污染等。眼表疾病是最常见的眼科疾病之一,指损伤眼表结构及功能的疾病。大气污染物NO_2、SO_2、O_3、PM_(10)与非特异性结膜炎的发病有关,臭氧浓度增高和湿度降低可导致干眼症,空气污染与眼表疾病的发生发展有关,但大气污染物导致眼表疾病的具体作用机制尚不明确。甲醛、丙烯醛和颗粒物质等室内污染物可诱导氧化应激和改变泪膜和眼表的细胞因子含量,可导致眼部不适、泪膜不稳定、眼部炎症和干眼症。烟雾对眼表损伤的可能机制是烟雾中的有害物质增加了眼泪蒸发或减少泪膜稳定性及人眼表结膜杯状细胞的数量和黏蛋白的含量,导致泪膜的质或量的异常,从而减少泪液分泌,引起眼部干涩等不适。光污染主要为紫外线辐射,长期慢性紫外线辐射可导致结膜黄斑、气候性角膜疾病、角膜炎、翼状胬肉等眼表疾病发病率升高。
[Abstract]:Current environmental pollution mainly refers to air pollution, indoor pollution, light pollution and so on. Ocular surface disease is one of the most common ophthalmological diseases. It refers to the diseases that damage the structure and function of the eye surface. Atmospheric pollutants NO_2, SO_2, O_3, PM_ (10) are related to the incidence of nonspecific conjunctivitis. The increase of ozone concentration and the decrease of humidity can lead to dry eye, air pollution and eye The occurrence and development of the disease is related, but the specific mechanism of the effect of air pollutants on ocular surface diseases is not clear. Indoor pollutants such as formaldehyde, acrolein and particulate matter can induce oxidative stress and change the cytokine content of tear film and eye surface, which can lead to eye discomfort, tear film instability, eye inflammation and dry eye. The possible mechanism of the injury is that the harmful substances in the smoke increase the evaporation of tears or reduce the stability of tear film and the amount of mucin in the conjunctiva of the eye surface and the content of the mucin, which leads to the abnormality of the quality or quantity of the tear film, thus reducing the secretion of tears and causing uncomforting of the eyes. The light pollution is mainly ultraviolet radiation and chronic chronic ultraviolet radiation. It can cause conjunctival macular, keratokeratoconjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, pterygium and other ocular surface diseases.
【作者单位】：西安市第四医院;南华大学附属第一医院;南昌大学第一附属医院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81100648;81160118;81400372;81400424) 陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2014K11-03-07-04) 陕西省创新人才推进计划湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(15B210) 江西省远航工程(2014022) 江西省自然科学基金重大项目(2016ACB21017) 江西省青年科学基金资助项目(20151BAB215016) 江西省科技支撑计划项目(20151BBG70223)
【分类号】：R77

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