门静脉系统血栓:从病因到治疗的研究进展

发布时间：2018-05-21 02:01

本文选题：门静脉血栓 + 病因　；参考：《介入放射学杂志》2015年04期

【摘要】：随着影像诊断技术的进步,曾被认为是罕见病的门静脉系统血栓的确诊率迅速上升。全身因素(包括各种促血栓形成的危险因素)以及局部因素(包括肝硬化、腹腔创伤及感染、恶性肿瘤等)均可导致门静脉血栓形成。目前依据临床症状出现时间的长短以及是否存在门脉海绵样变将门静脉系统血栓分为急性和慢性两类,这两类门静脉系统血栓分别具有不同的临床表现及治疗原则。急性血栓的治疗原则为复通闭塞的门静脉,降低血栓进入肠系膜上静脉的危险性;慢性血栓则为治疗和预防门脉高压后产生的并发症。门静脉系统血栓的介入治疗在血管再通、减轻门脉高压引起的并发症以及恢复阻塞静脉血流方面起到很大作用。本文将就门静脉系统血栓从病因到治疗的最新进展做一综述。
[Abstract]:With the development of imaging diagnostic techniques, the diagnosis rate of portal vein thrombosis, once considered a rare disease, has increased rapidly. Systemic factors (including various risk factors for thrombosis) and local factors (including cirrhosis, abdominal trauma and infection, malignant tumor, etc.) can lead to portal vein thrombosis. At present, portal vein thrombosis is divided into acute and chronic according to the duration of clinical symptoms and the existence of portal cavernous degeneration. These two types of portal vein thrombosis have different clinical manifestations and treatment principles. The treatment principle of acute thrombus is to reverse the occlusion of portal vein and reduce the risk of thrombosis entering superior mesenteric vein, while chronic thrombus is the complication of treating and preventing portal hypertension. Interventional therapy of portal vein thrombosis plays an important role in recanalization of blood vessels, relief of complications caused by portal hypertension and recovery of blocked venous blood flow. This article reviews the latest advances in portal vein thrombosis from etiology to treatment.
【作者单位】：复旦大学附属中山医院介入治疗科;
【分类号】：R575.2

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