2004——2013年中国乙型病毒性肝炎的流行病学特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 04:13

本文选题：乙型肝炎 + 流行病学　；参考：《中国全科医学》2017年23期

【摘要】：目的根据2004—2013年中国(不含港澳台,下同)各省、直辖市及自治区的乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)相关数据进行流行病学特征分析,为今后我国乙肝的防治工作提供科学依据。方法 2004—2013年乙肝病例数据来自于疾病预防控制中心(CDC)公共卫生科学数据中心。人口资料来源中国国家统计局2014年统计数据中的分地区年末人口数。使用Microsoft Excel软件制作表格,计算2004—2008年与2009—2013年各省平均发病率。使用Matlab 2016绘制发病率空间分布图。采用全局空间自相关分析(Moran's I系数)发病率聚集性,局部空间自相关分析(聚类和异常值分析)发病率聚集分布情况,包括高值聚类(高-高聚集)、低值被高值包围类(低-高聚集)、低值聚类(低-低聚集)、高值被低值包围类(高-低聚集)。结果 2004—2013年,中国乙肝累计发病数为10 730 953例,累计死亡数为7 621例。2004—2009年发病率升高,2010年开始发病率下降。2004—2006年死亡率呈上升趋势,2007年开始死亡率下降。2004—2008年和2009—2013年,甘肃省、宁夏回族自治区、重庆市、陕西省、四川省、浙江省、黑龙江省、天津市、北京市等乙肝发病率下降;新疆维吾尔自治区、福建省、山西省、广东省、广西壮族自治区、贵州省、湖南省、西藏自治区等乙肝发病率上升。空间分布图显示发病率整体分布情况聚集在高经、纬度地区。2004—2012年Moran's I系数分别为0.406、0.354、0.298、0.296、0.273、0.213、0.239、0.278、0.203(P0.05),显示乙肝发病率有聚集特征。聚类和异常值分析结果显示,2004—2013年,高-高聚集地区主要为新疆维吾尔自治区、青海省及甘肃省,低-低聚集地区为江苏省,低-高聚集地区为西藏自治区,高-低聚集地区尚无。结论2004—2013年乙肝发病率全国范围内保持稳定,部分地区如北京市、天津市和甘肃省等发病率有明显下降,在广东省、青海省、新疆维吾尔自治区等地有所上升,高-高聚集现象集中在我国西北地区,在今后需加强乙肝的防治工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis B (HBV) in provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, the same below) from 2004 to 2013. To provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in our country in the future. Methods the data of hepatitis B cases from 2004 to 2013 were collected from the Public Health Science data Center of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Population data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China in 2014 statistical data of the end of the year population by region. Microsoft Excel software was used to make tables to calculate the average incidence rate in each province between 2004-2008 and 2009-2013. Matlab 2016 was used to map the spatial distribution of morbidity. The global spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to analyze the incidence clustering, and the local spatial autocorrelation analysis (clustering and abnormal value analysis) was used to analyze the incidence aggregation. It includes high value clustering (high-high aggregation), low value surrounded by high value (low-high aggregation), low value clustering (low-low aggregation), high value being surrounded by low value (high-low aggregation) Results from 2004 to 2013, the cumulative incidence of hepatitis B in China was 10,730,953. The cumulative number of deaths was 7,621 cases. The incidence rate increased in 2004-2009. The incidence rate decreased in 2010. The mortality rate increased in 2004-2006. In 2007, the mortality rate decreased from 2004-2008 to 2009-2013. Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, Chongqing Municipality, Gansu Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous region, Chongqing Municipality, The incidence of hepatitis B in Shaanxi Province, Sichuan Province, Zhejiang Province, Heilongjiang Province, Tianjin City and Beijing Municipality decreased; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, Fujian Province, Shanxi Province, Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, Guizhou Province, Hunan Province, The incidence of hepatitis B increased in Tibet Autonomous region. The spatial distribution showed that the overall distribution of incidence was concentrated in high longitude, and the Moran's I coefficient in latitude area from 2004 to 2012 was 0.406U 0.354U 0.298U 0.296U 0.273U 0.2239U 0.278n 0.203U P0.05, respectively, indicating that the incidence of hepatitis B had the characteristic of aggregation. The results of clustering and abnormal value analysis showed that from 2004 to 2013, the high and high concentration areas were mainly Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province, and the low to low concentration areas were Jiangsu Province, and the low to high aggregation areas were Tibet Autonomous region, the main areas of which were Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. There is no high-low concentration area. Conclusion the incidence of hepatitis B remained stable in the whole country from 2004 to 2013. In some areas such as Beijing, Tianjin and Gansu Province, the incidence rate of hepatitis B decreased significantly, and increased in Guangdong Province, Qinghai Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region. The phenomenon of high-high concentration is concentrated in northwest China, and the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B should be strengthened in the future.
【作者单位】：东南大学公共卫生学院;东南大学医学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81402769) 国家级大学生创新训练项目(201610286127)
【分类号】：R181.3;R512.62

【参考文献】