职业性慢性1-溴丙烷中毒事故处置

发布时间：2018-05-20 17:06

本文选题：-溴丙烷 + 周围神经病　；参考：《中国职业医学》2015年06期

【摘要】：目的探讨职业性慢性1-溴丙烷(1-BP)中毒事故的职业病危害因素识别、事故处置和职业病诊断的思路。方法采用现场职业卫生调查和应急职业健康检查相结合的方法,对某五金真空镀膜企业发生的群体性职业性1-BP中毒事故进行职业病危害因素识别,对患者进行职业病诊断。结果该企业由于使用含1-BP的清洗剂替代三氯乙烯进行超声波清洗作业,导致4名清洗房作业工人在接触1-BP清洗剂11~13个月后,均出现周围神经系统损害。在企业已经对清洗房进行改造的前提下,事后应急检测结果显示:清洗房空气中1-BP的短时间接触浓度为1 038.800~1 466.100 mg/m3,时间加权平均浓度为371.500~654.100 mg/m3;1-BP清洗剂顶空气中1-BP相对百分比为97.1%。清洗房作业工人班后尿中1-BP水平为25.50~155.64μg/L。4例患者均被诊断为职业性慢性1-BP中毒性周围神经病。结论快速识别中毒事故的职业病危害因素,早期明确职业病诊断,有利于做好1-BP所致职业危害的防治工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the identification of occupational hazard factors, accident disposal and occupational disease diagnosis in occupational chronic 1-bromopropane (1-BP) poisoning accident. Methods the occupational hazard factors of a group of occupational 1-BP poisoning accidents in a metal vacuum coating enterprise were identified and diagnosed by the combination of on-site occupational health investigation and emergency occupational health examination. Results due to the use of cleaning agent containing 1-BP instead of trichloroethylene for ultrasonic cleaning, 4 workers in the cleaning room were exposed to 1-BP cleaning agent for 11 ~ 13 months, all of them had peripheral nervous system damage. Under the premise that the enterprise has reformed the cleaning room, the results of emergency test show that the short-time contact concentration of 1-BP in the air of cleaning room is 1 038.800 ~ 1 466.100 mg / m ~ (3) and the average time weighted concentration is 371.500 ~ 654.100 mg / m ~ (31) BP cleaning agent. The relative percentage of 1-BP in the top air of cleaning agent is 97.1mg / m ~ (-1). The level of 1-BP in urine of cleaning workers was 25.50 渭 g/L.4 and 155.64 渭 g/L.4. All the patients were diagnosed with occupational chronic 1-BP toxic peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion it is helpful to identify the occupational hazard factors of poisoning accidents and to diagnose occupational diseases early, which is beneficial to the prevention and treatment of occupational hazards caused by 1-BP.
【作者单位】：深圳市职业病防治院;广东省职业病防治院广东省职业病防治重点实验室;深圳市宝安区沙井预防保健所;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金(81202245) 深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(201506075)
【分类号】：R135.1

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