基于突发公共卫生事件的居民健康素养评价指标体系研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 12:49

本文选题：突发公共卫生事件 + 健康素养　；参考：《南京中医药大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：突发事件是指突然发生或者可能发生,直接影响到公众健康和社会安全,需要紧急应对的公共卫生事件,包括生物、化学、核辐射和恐怖袭击事件、重大传染病疫情、群体不明原因疾病、严重的中毒事件、影响公共安全的毒物泄露事件、放射性危害事件以及影响公众健康的自然灾害等。近年来,在经济发发展全球化、人口流动大规模化、食品药品行业发展欠规范化的背景下,突发公共卫生事件时有发生,给公众的生命健康安全带来了极大的威胁,对居民的身体、心理均会产生深远的影响。增强居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力,降低突发公共卫生事件给居民带来伤害的程度,是各级政府的重要责任,是我国保障公众生命健康、维护社会稳定和创建和谐社会的一项重要内容。健康素养是个体获取、理解、传递和处理基本的健康信息和服务,并利用这些信息和服务作出适合的健康决策,以达到维持、改善和不断促进自身健康的一种综合能力。在应对突发公共卫生事件的过程中,居民同样需要对突发公共卫生事件的相关信息进行获取、理解、传递和处理,作出应对策略,以降低突发公共卫生事件的伤害。因此,基于突发公共卫生事件对居民的健康素养进行研究具有较好的可行性。本研究旨在构建一套科学合理、全面完善、可行性强的居民健康素养评价指标体系。在综合国内外健康素养评价研究的基础上,结合突发公共卫生事件的定义与特征,从健康素养的知识性、行为性、信念性和功能性四个角度对基于突发公共卫生事件的居民健康素养的内涵进行了构建与阐释；通过文献综合研究、专题小组讨论和两轮Delphi专家咨询法构建了基于突发公共卫生事件的居民健康素养的评价指标体系,并使用模糊综合评价法计算出各指标的权重,为居民健康素养评价的实证研究提供基础；根据基于突发公共卫生事件的评价指标体系设计居民调查问卷,并构建了居民健康素养综合指数,对居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力进行了初步评价,为增强居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力提供了切实可行的依据。构建基于突发公共卫生事件的居民健康素养的评价指标体系,对居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力进行评价,对于了解居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力的现状,增强居民应对突发公共卫生事件的能力具有非常重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Emergencies refer to public health events that occur suddenly or may occur and directly affect public health and social security and require urgent response, including biological, chemical, radiological and terrorist attacks, major infectious disease outbreaks, Unknown group diseases, serious poisoning events, toxic leakage events affecting public safety, radiation hazards and natural disasters affecting public health, and so on. In recent years, under the background of the globalization of economic development, the large-scale population flow and the unstandardized development of the food and drug industry, public health emergencies have occurred from time to time, which have brought a great threat to the life, health and safety of the public. It will have a profound effect on the body and psychology of the residents. It is an important responsibility of governments at all levels to enhance the ability of residents to deal with public health emergencies and to reduce the degree of injury caused by public health emergencies. It is also an important responsibility of the government at all levels to ensure the health of the public. Maintaining social stability and building a harmonious society is an important content. Health literacy is a comprehensive ability for individuals to acquire understand transmit and process basic health information and services and make appropriate health decisions to maintain improve and continuously promote their own health. In the process of dealing with public health emergencies, residents also need to obtain, understand, transmit and deal with the relevant information of public health emergencies, and make coping strategies to reduce the injury of public health emergencies. Therefore, it is feasible to study residents' health literacy based on public health emergencies. The purpose of this study is to establish a scientific, reasonable, comprehensive and feasible evaluation index system of residents' health literacy. On the basis of comprehensive research on health literacy evaluation at home and abroad, combined with the definition and characteristics of public health emergencies, from the knowledge and behavior of health literacy, This paper constructs and explains the connotation of residents' health literacy based on public health emergencies from the perspectives of belief and function. The panel discussion and two rounds of Delphi expert consultation method constructed the evaluation index system of residents' health literacy based on public health emergencies, and calculated the weight of each index by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. It provides the basis for the empirical study of residents' health literacy evaluation, designs the residents' questionnaire according to the evaluation index system based on unexpected public health events, and constructs the comprehensive index of residents' health literacy. The ability of residents to deal with public health emergencies was preliminarily evaluated, which provided a practical basis for enhancing the ability of residents to respond to public health emergencies. In order to understand the current situation of residents' ability to deal with public health emergencies, the evaluation index system of residents' health literacy based on public health emergencies is constructed to evaluate the ability of residents to respond to public health emergencies. It is of great practical significance to strengthen the ability of residents to deal with public health emergencies.
【学位授予单位】：南京中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R15

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