抗生素、细菌和抗生素耐药基因:从牲畜饲养场通过颗粒物的空气传播

发布时间：2018-05-29 06:52

  本文选题：抗生素耐药基因 + 空气传播　； 参考：《环境与职业医学》2015年09期

【摘要】：[背景]抗生素耐药性的出现与蔓延已成为全球性的人类健康威胁,它常常与滥用和误用临床和兽医的化学药物联系在一起。现代工业规模的动物饲养操作很大程度上依赖于兽医药物,包括抗生素,以促进动物的生长。由此产生的排泄物中的抗生素通过径流、淋溶和土地中使用的粪肥而传递到环境中。然而,牲畜饲养场空气传播的特征目前尚未经研究。[目的]确定在何种程度上,抗生素、抗生素耐药基因(ARG)和反刍动物相关的微生物是通过大型肉牛饲养场的颗粒物(PM)在空气中扩散的。[方法]收集10个肉牛饲养场顺风和逆风向的PM。提取PM后,使用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法量化5种兽用抗生素,用靶向定量聚合酶链式反应量化ARG,并用16S r RNA基因扩增和测序分析微生物群落多样性。[结果]来源于牲畜饲养场的气载PM促进了几种兽用抗生素以及包含ARG的微生物群落的扩散。下风向紧邻饲养场的气载PM中几种抗生素的浓度范围在0.5~4.6 mg/g PM。饲养场下风向收集的PM微生物群落中,与反刍动物相关的类群变得丰富,并且与上风向PM中的类别组合明显不同。此外,与上风向收集的PM相比,下风向收集的PM中的抗四环素类抗生素基因编码显着更为丰富。[结论]来自牲畜饲养场的经风扩散的PM包含了抗生素、细菌和ARGs。
[Abstract]:Background the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance has become a global threat to human health, it is often associated with the abuse and misuse of clinical and veterinary chemical drugs. Modern industrial-scale animal feeding operations depend heavily on veterinary drugs, including antibiotics, to promote animal growth. Antibiotics in the resulting excreta are passed to the environment through runoff, leaching, and manure used in the land. However, the characteristics of air transmission in livestock farms have not been studied. [objective] to determine the extent to which antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) and ruminant related microorganisms spread in the air through particulate matter (PMM) in large beef cattle farms. [methods] 10 cattle farms were collected in the direction of downwind and headwind. After extracting PM, five animal antibiotics were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and ARGs were quantified by targeted quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The microbial community diversity was analyzed by 16s r RNA gene amplification and sequencing. [results] Airborne PM from livestock farms promoted the diffusion of several veterinary antibiotics and microbial communities containing ARG. The concentration range of several antibiotics in airborne PM with downwind direction is 0.5 ~ 4.6 mg/g PM. In the PM microorganism community collected by wind direction under the farm, the groups related to ruminants became rich and different from the category combinations in the upper wind direction PM. In addition the gene encoding of tetracycline antibiotics in PM collected under wind direction was significantly richer than that in PM collected by upwind direction. [conclusion] the airborne PM from livestock farms contains antibiotics, bacteria and ARGs.
【分类号】：S859.796;R122
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本文编号：1949915