围绝经期女性健康风险评估

发布时间：2018-06-06 03:26

本文选题：围绝经期 + 健康风险评估　；参考：《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》2016年12期

【摘要】：目的评估围绝经期女性健康风险。方法选取2015年9—12月在中国医科大学附属第一医院健康管理中心参加健康体检的成年女性2 318人,按照年龄分为围绝经期前组1 075人(18~39岁)、围绝经期组944人(40~60岁)、围绝经期后组299人(≥61岁)。采用"健康风险评估调查问卷"收集健康风险相关数据,采用北京中新惠尔健康科技有限公司授权的健康风险评估软件进行健康风险评估。结果共发放问卷2 318份,回收2 318份,有效率为100.00%。(1)围绝经期组女性糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌及高血压现患者和高风险者所占比例均高于围绝经期前组,但围绝经期组女性糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌及高血压现患者和高风险者所占比例均低于围绝经期后组(P0.05)。(2)围绝经期组女性健康生活方式评分劣于围绝经期前组和围绝经期后组(P0.05)。(3)3组女性吸烟、戒烟及适量饮酒者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);围绝经期组女性被动吸烟者所占比例高于围绝经期前组(P0.05);围绝经期组和围绝经期后组女性被动吸烟者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);围绝经期组女性过量饮酒者所占比例高于围绝经期前组和围绝经期后组(P0.05)。(4)3组女性蔬菜水果摄入不足者所占比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);围绝经期组女性谷类摄入过多者所占比例高于围绝经期前组和围绝经期后组(P0.05);围绝经期组女性肉类摄入过多者所占比例高于围绝经期前组(P0.05),但与围绝经期后组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(5)围绝经期后组和围绝经期组女性体力活动水平优于围绝经期前组,围绝经期后组女性体力活动水平优于围绝经期组(P0.05)。结论女性进入围绝经期后糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌和高血压发生风险明显增高,被动吸烟、过量饮酒、不合理膳食及缺乏体力活动等不良生活方式增多,因此加强围绝经期女性不良生活方式干预以降低慢性病发生风险势在必行。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the health risk of menopausal women. Methods A total of 2,318 adult women who took part in the physical examination in the Health Management Center of the first affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from September to December 2015 were selected. According to the age, 1 075 premenopausal group (1 075) were divided into 3 groups: premenopausal group (n = 1 075), perimenopausal group (n = 944) and postmenopausal group (n = 299). The health risk data were collected by "Health risk Assessment questionnaire", and the health risk assessment software of Beijing Zhongxin Huier Health Technology Co., Ltd. was used to carry out health risk assessment. Results A total of 2,318 questionnaires were sent out and 2,318 were recovered. The effective rate was 100.00.0.The percentage of women with diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and hypertension in the menopausal group was higher than that in the premenopausal group. But in perimenopausal women, diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, The proportion of patients with lung cancer and hypertension and those at high risk were lower than that of postmenopausal women (P 0.05. 02) the scores of healthy lifestyle of women in perimenopausal group were lower than those in premenopausal group and postmenopausal group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of smoking cessation and moderate drinking, the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the pre-menopausal group, and the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group and the postmenopausal group was higher than that in the peri-menopausal group, the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the pre-menopausal group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P 0.05), and the proportion of female excessive drinkers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the premenopausal group and the postmenopausal group (P 0.05), and the proportion of female patients with insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables was higher than that in the premenopausal group and the postmenopausal group. The percentage of women with excessive intake of cereals in peri-menopausal group was higher than that in pre-menopausal group and post-menopausal group (P0.05), and the proportion of women with excessive meat intake in peri-menopausal group was higher than that in pre-menopausal group. But compared with the postmenopausal group, There was no significant difference in physical activity between postmenopausal group and peri-menopausal group (P 0.05). The level of female physical activity in postmenopausal group was better than that in premenopausal group, and that in postmenopausal group was better than that in peri-menopausal group (P 0.05). Conclusion the risk of diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and hypertension, passive smoking, excessive drinking, unreasonable diet and lack of physical activity in women increased after menopause. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the intervention of poor lifestyle in perimenopausal women to reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
【作者单位】：中国医科大学附属第一医院全科医学科;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71273279):基于全科医生连续性服务的整合式健康管理服务模式的研究
【分类号】：R173

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