上海地铁环境中鼠害状况及其相关因素

发布时间：2018-06-06 20:02

  本文选题：地铁 + 鼠害　； 参考：《环境与职业医学》2017年08期

【摘要】：[目的]了解上海市地铁车站环境中的鼠类侵害状况,初步探讨与鼠害有关的相关因素。[方法]2013年上海市运营的地铁线路共有12条,根据地铁线路的运营时限,将12条线路划分为4个等级(5年、5~年、10~年、15~年),10年及以上的地铁线路数量少,故全部选取,其他等级均按照至少50%的比例随机抽取,共抽取8条线路。分别应用目测鼠征法、拖食法以及D2E鼠情智能监测系统于2013年对抽取的8条地铁线路及站点进行鼠害调查,采用问卷调查以及现场调查相结合的方法,收集地铁运行年限、客流量、地铁车站有无商铺以及有害生物防治公司资质等信息。利用卡方检验比较地铁车站不同调查楼层以及不同功能区域鼠害状况的差异,利用直线相关分析法研究鼠害与地铁运行年限、客流量、地铁车站商铺比例的相关性。[结果]在所有调查线路中,2号线鼠害最严重,鼠征阳性率为12.9%,拖食率为20.0%;地铁车站不同调查楼层之间鼠害的差异有统计学意义(P0.01),地下三层鼠征阳性率为71.4%,鼠害最严重;地铁车站不同功能区域间鼠害的差异具有统计学意义(P0.01),其中涉水设备用房为鼠害最重的场所;地铁环境内鼠24 h活动高峰为上午8点到10点。地铁运行年限(r=0.82,P=0.01)、客流量(r=0.99,P=0.01)、地铁车站商铺比例(r=0.81,P=0.03)以及有害生物防治服务机构资质(χ~2=5.61,P0.05)可能是造成地铁鼠害的主要因素。[结论]鼠害已成为上海地铁环境中的重要公共卫生问题,应采取长期、系统、连续的监测与控制措施。
[Abstract]:Objective] to understand the situation of rodent invasion in the environment of subway station in Shanghai, and to explore the related factors of rodent damage. [methods] there were 12 subway lines in operation in Shanghai in 2013. According to the operating time limit of subway lines, 12 lines were divided into four grades (5 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 15 ~ 10 years), and the number of subway lines of 10 ~ 10 years or more was less, so all of them were selected. The other grades were randomly selected at least 50%, with a total of 8 lines. In 2013, the visual rodent sign method, the towing method and the D2E intelligent monitoring system were used to investigate the rodent damage of 8 subway lines and stations, and the operation life of the subway was collected by the method of questionnaire investigation and field investigation. Passenger flow, subway station has no shops and harmful biological control company qualifications and other information. By means of chi-square test, the differences of rat damage in different investigation floors and different functional areas of subway stations were compared, and the correlation between rodent damage and subway operating life, passenger flow and the proportion of shops in subway stations was studied by linear correlation analysis. [results] among all the investigation routes, the rat damage was the most serious in line 2, the positive rate of rat sign was 12.9 and the rate of trailing food was 20.0.The difference of rodent damage among different investigation floors of subway station was statistically significant (P 0.01), and the positive rate of rat sign was 71.4 in three layers of underground, and the most serious was rat damage. The difference of rodent damage in different functional areas of subway station was statistically significant, among which the water wading equipment house was the most serious place for rodent damage, and the 24 h activity peak of mice in subway environment was from 8: 00 a.m. to 10:00. The operating life of the subway is 0.82%, the passenger flow is 0.99%, the proportion of the shops in the subway station is 0.81%, and the qualification of the harmful biological control service organization (蠂 ~ (2) 2 ~ (5.61g) P _ (0.05) may be the main cause of the rodent damage in the subway. [conclusion] rodent damage has become an important public health problem in the environment of Shanghai Metro, and long-term, systematic and continuous monitoring and control measures should be taken.
【作者单位】： 上海市疾病预防控制中心传染病防治所;
【分类号】：R126.4
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本文编号：1987932