衡阳市区医务人员吸烟现状及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-06-07 03:48

本文选题：医务人员 + 吸烟　；参考：《南华大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解目前衡阳市医务人员的吸烟状况及其对参与控烟的态度,并有针对性地对医务人员这一专业群体进行戒烟培训，提高其控烟意识，促使其在日常工作中积极参与控烟工作，为创建无烟医院和推进全社会控烟工作提供依据。方法：采用现况调查方法，以衡阳市医务人员为调查对象。采用分层整群抽样原则选择部分衡阳市区医务人员采用问卷进行调查，研究其吸烟行为现状以及政策措施、社会文化、环境、职业道德、责任情感等对其吸烟行为的影响；通过卡方检验比较吸烟现况差异以及采用Logistic回归方法分析其影响因素，并采用“合情合理行动理论”解释其原因。结果：衡阳市区医务人员吸烟率为30.4%，其中男性医务人员吸烟率为55.8%，女性医务人员为1.0%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）；戒烟率为44.9%，戒烟成功率为19.1%；开始吸烟的动因依次为社交需要、解闷、他人诱导、好奇以及学习（工作）压力大；烟草的主要来源依次为自己买来和别人赠送；避静处、娱乐场所、家里和办公室是主要吸烟场所；而通常吸烟的情况是朋友聚会、敬烟、学习（工作）紧张以及情绪低落；医务人员对吸烟危害健康的知识知晓率高。在吸烟与控烟的信念及态度方面，认为吸烟是一种不良习惯者占87.5%，而认为戒烟越早越有利于健康者占85.7%，赞同创建无烟医院者占87.3%，在戒烟与帮助戒烟的态度与责任方面，认为医务人员应主动向病人提供戒烟服务的占66.7%，从多因素Logistic回归分析结果来看，男性、社区医院、工作年限越久的医务人员，吸烟倾向要高；中级职称比高级职称医务人员更倾向于戒烟；月均收入越高的医务人员帮助病人戒烟的倾向越低；三级医院、内科以及月均收入越低的医务人员帮助病人戒烟的倾向相对要高；男性比女性医务人员对创建无烟医院的倾向性要低，不吸烟医务人员更倾向于创建无烟医院。结论：衡阳市区医务人员吸烟率较高；吸烟者对吸烟危害健康的知识知晓率高；抵制烟草情况不容乐观；医务人员戒烟效果不佳，，面临的戒烟障碍较多；衡阳市区医务人员控烟意识不足，戒烟服务能力有待加强；虽然医院室内均贴有禁止吸烟的标志，且三级医院以及部分二级医院均设有吸烟区，但其利用率很低，部分科室，走进楼道都能闻到烟味，尤以行政部门突出。这种环境因素的存在对于控烟是不利的，因此在医务人员中开展控烟干预措施对降低医务人员吸烟率有特别重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the smoking status of medical workers in Hengyang City and their attitude towards smoking control, and to give smoking cessation training to the medical staff, so as to improve their awareness of smoking control. In order to establish the smokeless hospital and promote the whole society tobacco control work, it can provide the basis for its active participation in the daily work of tobacco control. Methods: the present situation investigation method was used to investigate the medical staff in Hengyang city. Adopting stratified cluster sampling principle selected part of Hengyang city medical personnel to use questionnaire to investigate the current situation of smoking behavior and the influence of policies and measures social culture environment professional ethics responsibility emotion on their smoking behavior; The differences of smoking status were compared by chi-square test and the influencing factors were analyzed by Logistic regression method, and the reasons were explained by "reasonable action theory". Results: the smoking rate of medical staff in Hengyang city was 30.4. The smoking rate of male medical staff was 55.8, that of female medical staff was 1.0, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001), the smoking cessation rate was 44.9, and the success rate of quitting smoking was 19.1.The motivation to start smoking was social need and relief. Others induce, curious, and study (work) stress; the main sources of tobacco in turn buy and give to others; shelter, entertainment, home and office are the main smoking places; and usually the smoking situation is the gathering of friends, Smoking, learning and depression; high awareness of health hazards among medical staff. In terms of the beliefs and attitudes of smoking and smoking control, 87.5% of them thought that smoking was a bad habit, while 85.7% believed that the earlier they quit, the better the health, and 87.3% agreed to establish smokeless hospitals. In terms of attitude and responsibility of quitting smoking and helping to quit smoking, According to the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the male, community hospital and the medical staff who worked longer were more likely to smoke. Medical personnel with intermediate title were more inclined to quit smoking than medical staff with senior title; the medical staff with higher monthly average income had a lower tendency to help patients quit smoking; third level hospitals, medical departments and medical staff with lower monthly average income had a higher tendency to help patients quit smoking. Men were less inclined than women to build smokeless hospitals, and non-smoking medical workers tended to build smokeless hospitals. Conclusion: the smoking rate of medical workers in Hengyang City is high, the awareness of smokers about the health hazards of smoking is high, the situation of tobacco resistance is not optimistic, the smoking cessation effect of medical staff is not good, and there are many obstacles to smoking cessation. Hengyang city medical staff smoking control awareness is insufficient, the ability to quit smoking service needs to be strengthened; although the hospital indoor has a ban on smoking signs, and three hospitals as well as some level II hospitals have smoking areas, but its utilization rate is very low, some departments, You can smell smoke in the hallway, especially in the administrative department. The existence of this kind of environmental factor is unfavorable to smoking control, so it is very important to carry out tobacco control intervention in medical personnel to reduce the smoking rate of medical personnel.
【学位授予单位】：南华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R163

【参考文献】