青海省棘球蚴病流行与分布情况调查

发布时间：2018-06-08 19:48

本文选题：棘球蚴病 + 流行病学　；参考：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2017年05期

【摘要】：目的了解和掌握青海省人体棘球蚴病流行与分布情况。方法于2012年3-9月在青海省43个县(市、区)按牧区、半农牧区、农区和城镇进行分层,根据各层人口数占全县(市、区)人口总数的比例确定各层调查人数及调查村数,对3周岁以上常住居民进行B超检查,开展人群棘球蚴患病情况调查;每层抽取1所小学,或者在学校集中的县城抽取全县所有小学,对6~13岁学生进行腹腔B超检查,同时采集静脉血,用ELISA试剂盒检测血清抗棘球蚴Ig G抗体水平。应用SPSS17.0软件对调查结果进行统计学分析,计算患病检出率和血清抗体阳性率,率间的比较采用χ~2检验。结果青海省43个县(市、区)共抽取683个行政村(社区),B超检查121 683人,检出棘球蚴病患者1 333例,平均患病检出率为1.10%(1 333/121 683)。人群调查结果显示,不同生产类型的牧区、半农牧区、农区、城镇的患病检出率依次为2.51%(1 101/43 822)、0.84%(111/13 228)、0.08%(30/38 882)和0.35%(91/25 751)。性别分布中,男、女患病检出率分别为0.90%(526/58 348)、1.27%(807/63 335),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=38.93,P0.01);年龄分布中,以30~39岁青壮年人群患病检出率最高,为1.51%(387/25 682),不同年龄组间患病检出率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=80.84,P0.01);调查对象来自于14个民族,其中1 333例患者主要分布于藏族、汉族、回族、蒙古族和撒拉族,这5个民族的患病检出率分别为2.25%(1 277/56 752)、0.07%(32/44 420)、0.01%(1/8 229)、0.25%(17/6 806)和0.04%(1/2 558),各民族患病检出率间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=1 354.77,P0.01);职业分布中以宗教人士的患病检出率最高,为5.08%(52/1 024),牧民次之,为2.42%(1 089/44 982)。共抽取小学191所,均来自学校集中的县城,B超检查学生47 747人,检出棘球蚴病者253例,平均患病检出率为0.53%(253/47 747);ELISA检测45 507份血清,阳性者2 693份,血清抗体阳性率为5.92%。结论青海南部各县是棘球蚴病流行严重的地区。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the prevalence and distribution of human echinococcosis in Qinghai province. Methods from March to September 2012, 43 counties (cities, districts) in Qinghai Province were divided into pastoral areas, semi-agricultural pastoral areas, agricultural areas and towns. According to the proportion of the population of each layer to the total population of the whole county (city and district), the investigation population and the number of villages were determined. B ultrasound examination was carried out on residents over 3 years of age, and an investigation was carried out on the prevalence of echinococcosis in the population. One primary school was selected from each level, or all primary schools in the county where the school was concentrated, and abdominal B ultrasound was performed on 6- and 13-year-old students. At the same time, venous blood was collected and the serum level of IgG antibody against echinococcus was detected by Elisa kit. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the results of the investigation. The prevalence rate and the positive rate of serum antibody were calculated, and 蠂 ~ 2 test was used to compare the rates. Results A total of 683 administrative villages were selected from 43 counties (cities and districts) in Qinghai Province (community, B ultrasound examination, 121 683 people), 1 333 patients with echinococcosis were detected, the average prevalence rate was 1. 10% 1333 / 121 883. The results of crowd survey showed that the prevalence rate of disease in pastoral areas of different production types, semi-agricultural and pastoral areas, agricultural areas and towns was 2.5110 1 / 43 822% 0.844% and 0.35% 91 / 25 751 respectively. In the sex distribution, the prevalence rate of male and female was 0.90 / 526 / 58 348 / 1.27 respectively. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 38.93) P 0.01.The age distribution was the highest in 30 ~ 39 years of age. There was a significant difference in the prevalence rate among different age groups (蠂 ~ (2 / 2) 80.84) (P < 0.01). The subjects were from 14 nationalities, of which 1 333 patients were mainly Tibetan, Han, Hui, Mongolian and Salah. The prevalence rates of these five ethnic groups were 2.25 / 127 / 56 / 7522 / 0.07 and 32 / 44 / 44 / 420 / 0.01 / 1 / 8 / 2290.25 / 6 / 6 806) and 0.04% / 2 558, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the prevalence rates of each ethnic group (蠂 2 1 354.77 P 0.01; the highest prevalence rate was 5. 08% 522 024) among the religious people in the occupational distribution, followed by the herdsman at 2. 42% 10 / 89 4 / 98 2. A total of 191 primary schools were selected, all of them were from the county towns where the schools were concentrated. There were 253 cases of echinococcosis detected by B-mode ultrasonography. The average detection rate was 0.53 / 25 / 47,7470.The average positive rate was 45 507 serum samples, 2 693 samples were positive, and the positive rate of serum antibody was 5.92%. Conclusion Echinococcosis is prevalent in southern counties of Qinghai Province.
【作者单位】：青海省地方病预防控制所;
【分类号】：R181.3;R532.32

【相似文献】