锡冶炼生产性粉尘致大鼠肺组织损伤的长期观察

发布时间：2018-06-12 20:20

本文选题：锡冶炼粉尘 + 特异性肺损伤　；参考：《广西医科大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：锡冶炼生产性粉尘是一种多成分的混合型粉尘,锡冶炼工人在生产作业中接触这类粉尘后是否会造成特异性的肺损伤,即肺部纤维化,一直是学术界争论的问题之一,为了探讨锡冶炼生产性粉尘对肺组织的损伤及其性质和程度,为锡冶炼工尘肺是否应纳入国家法定职业病范畴提供佐证。目的：探讨锡冶炼生产性粉尘是否能导致大鼠长期肺损伤及锡冶炼工尘肺的动态特异性病理学变化,为锡冶炼工尘肺诊断提供重要的确诊证据。方法：选择SPF级成年SD大鼠(180-220g)44只,分四组各9-13只,随机分为生理盐水阴性对照组,标准石英粉尘对照组(用93%的标准石英粉尘染尘),锡精炼车间粉尘组,锡粗炼车间粉尘组,用非暴露式染尘法进行有色金属锡粉尘一次性染尘动物实验,染尘剂量为50mg/只,观察大鼠染尘后180天和270天的肺的组织病理学变化,并测量大鼠体重及全肺湿重,计算肺脏器系数,对肺组织标本用氯胺-T法测量全肺胶原含量,应用SPSS16.0统计分析软件分析各组间大鼠全肺胶原蛋白含量的差异,肺脏器系数的差异。结果：(1)关于肺脏器系数的结果：染尘后第180天,各组大鼠肺脏器系数比较结果为,锡精炼车间粉尘组肺脏器系数高于阴性对照组肺脏器系数,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；锡粗炼车间粉尘组肺脏器系数略高于阴性对照组肺脏器系数,统计学差异不明显(P0.05)；锡粗炼车间粉尘粉尘组及锡精炼车间粉尘组肺脏器系数均低于阳性对照组肺脏器系数,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)染尘后第270天,锡粗炼车间粉尘组肺脏器系数高于阴性对照组低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；锡精炼车间粉尘组肺脏器系数亦高于阴性对照组且低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。 (2)实验SD大鼠在染锡尘180天后肉眼观两肺表面呈灰黑色,镜下观部分细小支气管和肺泡周围可见折光性强的粉尘颗粒沉着,呈散在尘灶／细胞结节和炎性肉芽肿分布,伴少许纤维组织增生及胶原纤维形成,形成Ⅰ级或Ⅱ级纤维化；第270天后的眼观表现与染尘后180天时相似,镜下观可见在肺内细小支气管周围可见散在的黑色粉尘颗粒沉着,少量尘灶／细胞结节和炎性肉芽肿形成,结节内可见少量纤维组织增生和少量胶原纤维形成,VG染色(Van Gieson氏染色法)阳性,个别尘灶表现为明显的纤维性结节,纤维化程度为Ⅱ级。 (3)关于全肺胶原含量的结果：染尘后30天,粗炼车间粉尘组、精炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原蛋白含量略高于阴性对照组而低于阳性对照组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。染尘后90天,粗炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原含量高于阴性对照组且低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)；精炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原蛋白含量亦高于阴性对照组且低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。染尘后第180天,精炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原蛋白含量高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其值略高于同期阳性对照组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)；粗炼车间粉尘组的全肺胶原蛋白含量高于阴性对照组,统计学差异明显(P0.05),其值略高于阳性对照组,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。染尘后270天,粗炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原蛋白含量高于阴性对照组全肺胶原蛋白含量,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其值亦低于阳性对照组差异有统计学差异(P0.05),精炼车间粉尘组全肺胶原蛋白含量高于阴性对照组的全肺胶原蛋白含量,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但其值比阳性对照组略低,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论：(1)大鼠染锡尘180天和270天后肺脏器系数明显增高,说明本组实验SD大鼠染锡尘后肺脏存在炎性渗出或细胞及纤维等组织增生。 (2)我们对实验动物染锡冶炼生产性粉尘后进行观察,在阳性对照组及锡粗炼车间粉尘组和锡精炼车间粉尘组的肺部病理形态学观察中肉眼都可见两肺表面颜色异常的细小斑点,镜下观在两肺内细小支气管和肺泡周围都可见散在的灶性颗粒沉着,有少量尘灶/细胞结节和炎性肉芽肿形成,结节内可见少量纤维组织增生和少量胶原纤维形成,VG染色阳性,个别尘灶表现为明显的纤维性结节,达到Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,个别达到Ⅲ级纤维化。病理学特点是由典型病变渐变不典型、由病变程度重渐变程度轻,并且各组病变随着实验观察期由180天延长至270天,出现病变更典型、加重和趋于慢性纤维病变。 (3)实验动物染尘后,全肺胶原蛋白含量随着观察期的增长出现明显的升高,说明在染锡冶炼粉尘后大鼠肺部发生了较为明显的纤维化病变或增生。
[Abstract]:Tin smelting productive dust is a multicomponent mixed type of dust. It is one of the disputes in academic circles whether tin smelters can cause specific lung injury after exposure to this kind of dust, that is, pulmonary fibrosis. In order to explore the damage to the lung tissue by tin smelting dust and its nature and degree, it is tin smelt. Whether the pneumoconiosis should be included in the scope of the statutory occupational disease in the state is to provide evidence.
Objective: To investigate whether tin smelting productive dust can lead to chronic lung injury in rats and the dynamic specific pathological changes of pneumoconiosis in Tin Smelter, and provide an important diagnostic evidence for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis in tin smelters.
Methods: 44 adult SD rats (180-220g) were selected and divided into four groups of 9-13 rats, which were randomly divided into normal saline negative control group, standard quartz dust control group (using 93% standard quartz dust), tin refining workshop dust group, tin smelting workshop dust group and non-ferrous tin dusts in one time. The dose of dust was 50mg/ only. The histopathological changes of lung were observed at 180 days and 270 days after the rats were exposed to dust. The weight of the rats and the whole lung wet weight were measured. The lung organ coefficient was calculated. The total lung collagen content was measured by the chloramine -T method. The difference of collagen content in the whole lung of the rats was analyzed by the SPSS16.0 statistical analysis software. Differences in lung organ coefficient.
Results: (1) the result of lung organ coefficient: the pulmonary organ coefficient of each group was higher than that of the negative control group, the coefficient of lung organ coefficient was higher than that of the negative control group at 180th days after the dyeing, and the two groups were statistically significant (P0.05), and the lung organ coefficient of the powder dust group was slightly higher than that of the negative control group. The statistical difference was not obvious (P0.05). The lung organ coefficient of dust group and tin refining workshop in tin refining workshop was lower than that of positive control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05) 270th days after the dust collection, the lung organ coefficient of the dust group in the tin refining workshop was higher than that of the negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Academic significance (P0.05); the lung organ coefficient of dust group in tin refining workshop was also higher than that in negative control group and lower than that in positive control group, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05).
(2) in experimental SD rats, after 180 days of dyed tin dust, the surface of the two lung was gray and black. Under the microscope, some small bronchi and bronchoalveolar dust particles were seen around the alveoli, scattered on the dust foci / cell nodules and inflammatory granuloma, with a little fibrous tissue proliferation and fibrous fibrous formation, and formed grade I or grade II fibrosis; twenty-seventh 0 days later, the appearance of the eyes was similar to that of the 180 day after the dust. The scattered black dust particles were seen around the parvos in the lungs, a small amount of dust and cell nodules and inflammatory granulomas were formed. A small amount of fibrous tissue and a small amount of collagen fibers were found in the nodules. VG staining (Van Gieson's staining) was positive. The dust foci showed obvious fibrous nodules, with fibrosis grade II.
(3) the results of the whole lung collagen content: 30 days after the dust, the dust group in the refining workshop, the total lung collagen content in the dust group of the refining workshop was slightly higher than the negative control group, and the difference was lower than the positive control group. The difference was not statistically significant (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the dust group was higher than that of the negative control group and was lower than the negative control group and lower than the positive control group at 90 days after the dyeing. The total lung collagen content in the dust group of the refining workshop was also higher than that of the negative control group and lower than that of the positive control group (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the dust group of the refining workshop was higher than that of the negative control group at 180th days after the dyeing. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05), and the value was slightly higher than that of the negative control group (P0.05). In the same period, there was no significant difference in the positive control group (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the dust group was higher than that of the negative control group (P0.05), and the difference was slightly higher than that of the positive control group (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the dust group was higher than that of the negative control group (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the whole lung was statistically significant (P0.05), and its value was also lower than that of the positive control group (P0.05). The total lung collagen content in the dust group of the refining workshop was higher than that of the negative control group, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05), but the difference was slightly lower than that of the positive control group, and the difference was not statistically significant. Learning meaning (P0.05).
Conclusion: (1) the lung organ coefficient of the rats infected with tin dust for 180 days and 270 days was obviously increased, indicating that there was inflammatory exudation in the lungs and the proliferation of cells and fibers in the lungs of the SD rats.
(2) we observe the experimental animals after tin smelting production of dust, in the positive control group and the tin refining workshop dust group and the tin refining workshop dust group of the lung pathomorphology observation in the naked eye can see the two lung surface color abnormal small spots, microscopic view in two lungs in the small bronchi and the alveoli are scattered around the alveoli A small amount of dust foci / cell nodules and inflammatory granulomas were formed. A small amount of fibrous tissue proliferation and a small amount of collagen fibers were found in the nodules. VG staining was positive, and individual dust foci showed obvious fibrous nodules. The degree of change was slightly heavier, and the lesions in each group increased from 180 days to 270 days with the observation period. The lesions were more typical, aggravated and tended to chronic fibrous lesions.
(3) after the experimental animals were exposed to dust, the content of collagen in the whole lung increased significantly with the growth of the observation period, indicating that the lungs of the rats had more obvious fibrosis or hyperplasia in the lungs after the tin smelted dust.
【学位授予单位】：广西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R135.2

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