延边地区留守儿童社会资本对健康相关生命质量的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 09:09

本文选题：留守儿童 + 社会资本　；参考：《延边大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的了解留守儿童社会资本及健康相关生命质量现状,探讨社会资本对健康相关生命质量的影响。方法本研究为非实验性研究。采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在延边地区抽取3个县市,每个县市抽取4所学校(朝鲜族小学、汉族小学、朝鲜族初中,汉族初中各1所)开展问卷调查,3900份,回收有效问卷3166份,回收率为81.2%。研究工具有一般情况调查表、儿童社会资本评定量表,儿童生活质量普通适用核心量表4.0,对留守儿童的社会资本及健康相关生命质量进行评估。数据的整理与分析使用SPSS17.0中文版统计软件,采用t检验、方差分析、相关分析及多元线性回归进行统计分析。结果 1.留守儿童现状本次调查研究对象共3166人,其中留守儿童1069人,占本次调查总人数的33.8%,留守儿童中小学生464人,初中生605人；男生占41.5%相对较少,大多数为朝鲜族儿童；城市留守儿童占主体,大多数为独生子女,父母双方均外出占43.4%,仅父亲外出者占36.5%,仅母亲外出者占20.1%。留守儿童与父母联系较为密切,大多数为一周一次父母均外出时留守学生儿童的监护类型主要为单亲监护、隔代监护、同辈监护、自我监护及其他监护；80%以上的留守儿童有多个好朋友;且每天零用钱在10元以下；仅有10%左右的留守儿童不使用手机,高话费的留守儿童占所有使用手机者的一半以上。 2.留守儿童社会资本现状及单因素分析留守儿童社会资本总体平均得分为(2.65±0.38)分,处于中等水平,认知型社会资本得分(3.17±0.41)分,处于较高水平,而结构型社会资本得分(2.15±0.47)分,处于中等偏下水平。经t检验、单因素方差分析,留守儿童的社会资本在不同年龄(以中小学组划分)、居住地、零用钱、手机使用情况、好朋友数量及与父母的联系频率方面具有显著性差异。 3.留守儿童健康相关生命质量现状及单因素分析延边州留守儿童健康相关生命质量平均得分(3.70±0.51)分,生理功能得分高于社会心理功能,表明留守儿童的社会心理功能较弱。经t检验、单因素方差分析,留守儿童的健康相关生命质量在不同年龄(以中小学组划分)、性别、民族、零用钱、手机使用情况、好朋友数量及与父母的联系频率方面具有显著性差异。 4.社会资本对健康相关生命质量的影响相关分析显示留守儿童的社会资本与健康相关生命质量存在正相关关系,多元回归分析显示社会资本中的社会凝聚力、信任、安全、互惠对健康相关生命质量影响较大。结论延边州留守儿童现象比较严重,社会资本是影响留守儿童健康相关生命质量的重要因素。因此政府在制定相应的政策时必须更多的关注留守儿童的健康,并可以探索通过增加社会资本这一途径来更好的提高留守儿童的生命质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the current situation of social capital and health-related quality of life of left-behind children and to explore the influence of social capital on health-related quality of life. Methods this study is a non-experimental study. A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 counties and cities in Yanbian area. 3 900 questionnaires were collected from 4 schools (1 primary school of Korean nationality, 1 primary school of Han nationality, 1 junior high school of Korean nationality and 1 junior high school of Han nationality) in Yanbian area. 3166 valid questionnaires were collected and the recovery rate was 81.2%. The research tools include general situation questionnaire, children's social capital rating scale, children's quality of life general applicable core scale 4.0, to evaluate the social capital and health-related quality of life of left-behind children. The statistical software SPSS 17.0 was used to collate and analyze the data. T test, variance analysis, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Result 1. The present situation of left-behind children includes 3166 subjects, of which 1069 are left-behind children, accounting for 33.8% of the total. 464 primary and middle school students and 605 junior high school students are left behind, and 41.5% of them are boys. Most of them were Korean children, most of them were only children, and both parents went out 43.4%, only the father went out 36.5%, and only the mother took 20.1%. The left behind children are closely related to their parents, most of them are left behind once a week. The main types of children left behind are single parent guardianship, intergenerational guardianship, peer care, self-monitoring and other guardianship. More than 80% of left-behind children have more than one good friend; and daily pocket money is less than 10 yuan; only about 10% of left-behind children do not use mobile phones. The overall average score of social capital of left-behind children was 2.65 卤0.38, which was in the middle level, and the score of cognitive social capital was 3.17 卤0.41, which was higher than that of the control group, and the average score of social capital of left-behind children was 2.65 卤0.38, while the score of cognitive social capital was 3.17 卤0.41. The score of structural social capital was 2.15 卤0.47, which was lower than the middle level. By t-test, single-factor ANOVA, the social capital of left-behind children at different ages (divided into primary and secondary school groups, residence, pocket money, mobile phone use), There were significant differences in the number of good friends and the frequency of contact with parents. Health related quality of Life of Left-behind Children: an average score of 3.70 卤0.51in Yanbian Prefecture, the score of physiological function was higher than that of psychosocial function. The results showed that the social and psychological function of children left behind was weak. By t test and single factor ANOVA, the health-related quality of life of left-behind children was divided into three groups: primary and secondary school group, sex, nationality, pocket money, mobile phone use. There were significant differences in the number of good friends and the frequency of contact with parents. 4. 4. Correlation analysis of the influence of social capital on health-related quality of life showed that there was a positive correlation between social capital of left-behind children and health-related quality of life, and multiple regression analysis showed social cohesion in social capital. Trust, security and reciprocity have great influence on health-related quality of life. Conclusion the phenomenon of left-behind children in Yanbian prefecture is serious, and social capital is an important factor affecting health related quality of life of left-behind children. Therefore, the government must pay more attention to the health of left-behind children when making corresponding policies, and can explore the way of increasing social capital to better improve the quality of life of left-behind children.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R179

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