基于《年龄与发育进程问卷-第3版》调查的中国大陆城乡1～66个月儿童发育状况的比较

发布时间：2018-06-16 07:01

本文选题：城乡差异 + 年龄与发育进程问卷-第版(中文版)　；参考：《中国循证儿科杂志》2017年02期

【摘要】：目的探讨我国城镇与乡村1~66个月儿童发育的差异及特点。方法资料来源于《年龄与发育进程问卷-第3版(中文版)》(ASQ-3)的全国常模样本,比较城市和乡村样本的20个ASQ-3月龄组在沟通、粗大动作、精细动作、解决问题和个人-社会5个能区的得分平均值以及量表总分的平均值。采用SAS 9.3和MS Excel进行统计分析。结果城镇样本2 236人,乡村样本2 216人,每个ASQ-3月龄组的样本量为108~114人。沟通能区有19个月龄组城镇较乡村高,其中6个月龄组差异有统计学意义;粗大动作能区有18个月龄组城镇较乡村高,其中8个月龄组差异有统计学意义;精细动作能区有18个月龄组城镇较乡村高,其中7个月龄组差异有统计学意义;解决问题能区所有ASQ-3月龄组城镇均高于乡村,其中11个月龄组差异有统计学意义;个人-社会能区有14个月龄组城镇较乡村高,其中3个月龄组差异有统计学意义。20个月龄组的ASQ-3量表总分城镇均高于乡村,其中11个月龄组差异有统计学意义,在27 m(适用于25个月16天至28个月15天儿童)及以后的月龄组中,城乡差距加大。结论我国1~66个月儿童的发育存在城乡差异,乡村儿童ASQ-3各个能区的发育普遍落后于城镇儿童。推广ASQ-3对促进我国乡村儿童的发育有重大意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the differences and characteristics of the development of children aged 1 ~ 66 months between towns and villages in China. Methods the data were collected from the national norm sample of age and development process questionnaire (Chinese version 3). The 20 ASQ-3 month old group of urban and rural samples were compared in communication, coarse movement and fine movement. The average score of problem-solving and individual-social five energy regions and the average of the total score of the scale. SAS 9.3 and MS Excel were used for statistical analysis. Results there were 2 236 samples in towns and 2 216 in rural areas. The sample size of each ASQ-3 month group was 108 / 114. There were 19 months old towns higher than the rural ones in the communication energy area, among which there were significant differences in 6 months old groups, 18 months old towns in the coarse motor energy areas were higher than those in the rural areas, among which there were significant differences in the 8 month old groups. There were 18 months old and 7 months old in the fine motor energy area higher than that in the rural area, and all the ASQ-3 months old towns in the problem solving area were higher than those in the rural area, and the differences in 11 months old group were statistically significant. The total score of ASQ-3 in 20 month old group was higher than that in rural area, and the difference was statistically significant in 11 months old group. The gap between urban and rural areas increased at 27 m (for children aged from 25 months to 16 days to 28 months and 15 days) and beyond. Conclusion there is a difference between urban and rural areas in the development of children aged 1-66 months in China. The development of ASQ-3 energy areas in rural children generally lags behind that of urban children. It is of great significance to promote the development of rural children in China by popularizing ASQ-3.
【作者单位】：云南省妇幼保健院保健技术指导科;湖北省十堰市妇幼保健院儿童保健科;美国俄勒冈大学早期干预研究所;江苏省淮安市妇幼保健院儿童保健科;河北省保定市妇幼保健院儿童保健科;宁夏回族自治区妇幼保健院儿童保健科;江西省鹰潭市妇幼保健院儿童保健科;上海市妇幼保健中心儿童保健科;
【分类号】：R179

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