广州市蓄电池行业重金属职业病危害因素检测与分析

发布时间：2018-06-23 15:56

本文选题：蓄电池行业 + 重金属　；参考：《中国职业医学》2015年05期

【摘要】：目的调查广州市蓄电池行业重金属职业病危害因素情况。方法抽取广州市4种类型的蓄电池生产企业24家,对其工作场所空气中铅、二氧化锰、镉和镍等职业病危害因素进行检测。结果铅是4种类型蓄电池生产企业的主要职业病危害因素,铅酸蓄电池厂铅污染程度十分严重,铅时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)超标率为97.2%,短时间接触浓度(CSTEL)超标率为81.9%。镉镍电池厂重金属职业病危害因素种类多且超标严重,铅、镍和镉的CTWA和CSTEL超标率均分别为100.0%、50.0%和100.0%。锌锰电池厂二氧化锰和铅CTWA超标率分别为10.5%和5.9%,CSTEL超标率分别为10.5%和0.0%;镍氢电池厂镍和铅的CTWA超标率分别为5.9%和11.1%,CSTEL超标率分别为0.0%和11.1%。结论应加强对蓄电池企业的职业病危害因素的监督管理,改进生产工艺,降低工作场所空气中的重金属水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the occupational hazards of heavy metals in battery industry in Guangzhou. Methods 24 accumulator manufacturers of 4 types in Guangzhou were selected to detect occupational hazards such as lead manganese dioxide cadmium and nickel in the workplace air. Results lead is the main occupational hazard factor in the four types of battery production enterprises. Lead pollution in lead-acid battery factory is very serious. The lead time weighted average concentration (CTWA) exceeds the standard rate of 97.2, and the short contact concentration (CSTEL) exceeds the standard rate of 81.9. There are many kinds of heavy metal occupational hazard factors in the cadmium and nickel battery factory. The rates of CTWA and CSTEL of lead, nickel and cadmium are 100.050% and 100.0% respectively. The exceeding rates of manganese dioxide and lead CTWA were 10.5% and 5.9%, respectively, while those of nickel and lead in Ni-MH battery plant were 5.9% and 11.1%, respectively, and those of CSTEL were 0.01% and 11.1%, respectively. Conclusion it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of occupational hazard factors in battery enterprises, improve the production process and reduce the level of heavy metals in the workplace air.
【作者单位】：广州市第十二人民医院广州市职业病防治院广州市医学重点学科职业健康监护科职业环境与健康效应实验室;
【基金】：广州市民生科技重大项目(2012Y2-00029-1) 广东省科技厅2013自筹科技计划项目(粤科规划字[2013]137号) 广东省医学科研基金(A2014597) 广东省“十二五”医学重点专科;广州市医学重点学科建设项目广州市职业环境与健康效应实验室建设项目(2014SY000020) 广州市“121人才梯队工程”后备人才项目广州市卫生局市医药卫生科技项目(20131A011099)
【分类号】：R134.4

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