吸烟对视觉前注意加工事件相关电位影响的研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:33

本文选题：吸烟 + 视觉前注意　；参考：《西南医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:吸烟是一个普遍存在的社会问题,嗜烟是由于人体对烟碱物质依赖。目前研究已明确长期的烟碱依赖对心脑血管及肺功能有损害作用,然而关于烟碱对认知功能(记忆、注意、情绪等)影响的研究尚无定论,且为研究热点。本研究通过对吸烟患者进行视觉前注意加工事件相关电位的研究,旨在进一步探讨吸烟是否对注意功能造成影响及影响特征。方法:选取内江市第二人民医院体检科40-65岁健康志愿者为研究对象。其中21例无吸烟的男性为正常对照组;44例长期(20年以上)大量吸烟(20支/天以上)男性为观察组,其中20例为实验前2小时以内未吸烟的长期大量吸烟者,称为吸烟观察组;24例为试验前15分钟内吸烟的长期大量吸烟者,称为吸烟后观察组。所有患者均行MMSE评定,并进行汉密尔顿焦虑及抑郁量表筛选后入组,同时排除有物质滥用(除外吸烟)、其他神经、精神及严重内科疾病史者。采用E-prime软件oddball范式呈现视觉刺激(图片)。试验对象需要做的是观看屏幕上呈现的刺激图片,并对图片刺激做出规定的反应动作,即如果视野中心出现的是红色靶刺激图片,则立即做出按键动作,忽略视野周边的其它图片刺激。同时使用E-prime软件记录试验对象的做出按键反应的时间及正确率。同时采用德国BP Brain Vision Recorder 32导脑电记录仪同步记录脑电图数据,存盘后采用Analyzer 2.0分析处理事件相关电位,用统计学方法分析试验对象的行为学数据(按键反应时间及正确率)及视觉失匹配负波(Visual Mismatch Negativity,v MMN)的波幅(Amplitude,Amp)及峰潜伏期(Peak Latency,PL)。在本试验中应用的统计学方法有:T检验、方差分析和秩和检验。结果:1、正常对照组与吸烟后观察组行为学数据(按键反应时间、正确率)的差异无统计学意义(P0.05);吸烟观察组分别与正常对照组、吸烟后观察组在按键反应时间、正确率方面的比较有统计学差异(P0.05)。2、所有实验对象均成功诱发出v MMN波。正常对照组、吸烟后观察组、吸烟观察组的v MMN波幅逐渐降低,吸烟观察组较正常对照组、吸烟观察组较吸烟后观察组v MMN波幅降低均有统计学差异(P0.05)。吸烟后观察组较正常对照组v MMN波幅降低有统计学差异(P0.05)。各组间的v MMN峰潜伏期差异分析无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:1、长期吸烟者存在视觉前注意自动加工障碍。2、v MMN波幅为反映其前注意自动加工障碍的较敏感的电生理指标。3、长期吸烟者行为学检查反应时间延长、正确率降低。4、短时间的烟碱刺激可能部分改善长期吸烟者的前注意自动加工功能。
[Abstract]:Objective: smoking is a common social problem, smoking is due to dependence on nicotine. At present, it has been clear that nicotine dependence has harmful effects on cardiovascular and pulmonary function. However, the effect of nicotine on cognitive function (memory, attention, emotion, etc.) has not been concluded, and has become a hot research topic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and characteristics of smoking on attention function. Methods: 40-65 year-old healthy volunteers from the Department of physical examination of the second people's Hospital of Neijiang City were selected as the study objects. Among them, 21 cases of non-smoking male were the normal control group 44 cases of long-term (more than 20 years) heavy smoking (more than 20 / day) male as the observation group, 20 cases of long-term smokers who did not smoke within 2 hours before the experiment. There were 24 cases of long-term smokers who smoked in 15 minutes before the experiment, and were called the observation group after smoking. All patients were assessed by MMSE and were selected by Hamilton anxiety and Depression scale and were excluded from substance abuse (except smoking), other neurological, mental and severe medical diseases. Visual stimuli were presented using E-prime software oddball paradigm (picture). What the subjects need to do is to look at the stimuli on the screen and react to the stimuli, that is, if a red target stimulus appears in the center of the field of vision, then the button action is made immediately. Ignore the stimulation of other images around the field of vision. At the same time, E-prime software is used to record the time and accuracy of keystroke response. At the same time, the EEG data were recorded synchronously by BP Brain Vision Recorder 32 guide EEG recorder in Germany, and the event-related potentials were analyzed and processed by Analyzer 2.0 after storage. The behavioral data (keystroke response time and correct rate), the amplitude of visual mismatch negative wave (MMN) and peak latency (peak latency) were analyzed by statistical method. The statistical methods used in this experiment are the: t test, ANOVA and rank sum test. Results there was no significant difference in behavioral data (keystroke reaction time, correct rate) between normal control group and smoking observation group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference between smoking observation group and normal control group in keystroke response time after smoking (P0.05). There was significant difference in accuracy (P0.05). All subjects successfully induced vMMN wave. The amplitude of vMMN decreased gradually in normal control group, smoking observation group and smoking observation group, and the amplitude of vMMN in smoking observation group was significantly lower than that in smoking observation group (P0.05). The amplitude of v MMN in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group after smoking (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the latency of v MMN between groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. The amplitude of MMN amplitude is a more sensitive electrophysiological index, and the reaction time of behavioral examination in long-term smokers is longer than that of long-term smokers, and the amplitude of MMN is a more sensitive electrophysiological index to reflect the disorder of pre-attention automatic processing. The accuracy rate was decreased by .4.The short-term nicotine stimulation may partially improve the pre-attention automatic processing function of long-term smokers.
【学位授予单位】：西南医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R163;R749.2

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